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Unit: Alcohol and Marijuana Day #3 Legal aspects of alcohol impairment and marijuana usage The primary learning outcomes desirable from this 3rd lesson are as follows: 1)Understand some legal issues and possible legal consequences of driving impaired with alcohol 2)An understanding of how many drinks would raise the BAC of a person to various levels 3)Understand the effects of marijuana and its impairment upon the driving task 4)An understanding that marijuana also a serious risk factor in collisions and fatalities

This lesson is designed to take approximately 60 minutes…you may want to divided it into two sections (of course discussion time will vary with instructor) --Students should be encouraged to participate in discussions…again, look for current local newspaper articles to replace the sample ones included in this lesson Unit: Alcohol and Marijuana Day #3 Legal aspects of alcohol impairment and marijuana usage

Unit: Alcohol and Marijuana Day #3 Legal aspects of alcohol impairment and marijuana usage

12) The alcoholic causes most of the alcohol related fatalities on our roads & highways today. FALSE Alcohol survey questions It’s the social, occasional drinker that is responsible for most of the collisions. They are often unaware that they are dangerous. 13) How much a person drinks before driving should be their own decision. FALSE The irresponsible consequences of drunk driving impact upon so many others in so many devastating ways

5-6% alcohol Wine 12% Whiskey Vodka Rum, etc …and higher How do they determine BAC?

Blood Alcohol Concentration describes the alcohol in a person blood expressed as weight per unit of volume. A blood sample will be taken if a person is unconscious.16

There is no way to beat the breathalyzer

100 lb. 120 lb. 140 lb. 160 lb. 180 lb. 200 lb. 220 lb. 240 lb. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Estimated Percent Blood Alcohol By Body weight and number of drinks.40 2) The number of drinks that will raise your BAC to lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb DUI level? (the level in many states) 1) For your body weight, how many drinks take you close to the.08 DUI level? (the level in many states) Remember a BAC of can cause death.

Many states have adapted this level (some are even lower) In cases where a DUI fatality has occurred – many offenders are sentenced to prison What about teenagers and young adults?

Prison time increasing

What other legal measures are in place?

Automatic license revocation appears to be an effective measure to reduce drunk driving. But automatic license revocation along with a mandatory jail sentence appears to be even more effective than just automatic license revocation. Passing mandatory alcohol and drug testing in fatal crashes would help promote successful prosecution of drunk and drugged drivers. Other legal measures Graduated licensing laws for youthful drivers which impose parental practice hours, curfews, and passenger limitations Zero tolerance laws for drivers under the age of 21 Zero tolerance laws state that any amount of alcohol found in youthful drivers (even a trace) will result in the loss of their drivers license for a specified period with strict and costly measures required to acquire a license at a future date. Let’s now consider marijuana...

Marijuana is a powerful mind altering drug that enters the bloodstream quickly and affects the brain and other parts of the body Comes from the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa, and is commonly called “pot, grass or weed” Marijuana is a green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of the hemp plant All forms of marijuana are mind-altering, they change how the brain works The main ingredient in marijuana is THC. Marijuana also contains more than 400 chemicals

Short term effects: problems with memory and reality distorted perception (sights, sounds, time, touch) trouble with thinking and problem-solving loss of coordination, slowed reaction time increased heart rate, anxiety. loss of side vision and a fixation on objects Marijuana is strongly absorbed by fatty tissues in various organs… especially the brain. Generally, traces of THC can be detected by standard urine testing method several days after smoking.

Long-term effects of marijuana use? Findings so far show that regular use of marijuana or THC may play a role in some kinds of cancer and in problems with the respiratory, and immune systems. It is known that marijuana contains some of the same, and sometimes even more, of the cancer-causing chemicals found in tobacco smoke. Studies show that someone who smokes five joints per week may be taking in as many cancer-causing chemicals as someone who smokes a full pack of cigarettes every day. Findings so far show that regular use of marijuana or THC may play a role in some kinds of cancer and in problems with the respiratory, and immune systems. It is known that marijuana contains some of the same, and sometimes even more, of the cancer-causing chemicals found in tobacco smoke. Studies show that someone who smokes five joints per week may be taking in as many cancer-causing chemicals as someone who smokes a full pack of cigarettes every day.

Long-term effects of marijuana use? What does marijuana do to brain? Some studies show that when people have smoked large amounts of marijuana for years, the drug takes its toll on mental functions. Heavy or daily use of marijuana affects the parts of the brain that control memory, attention, and learning. Smoking marijuana causes some changes in the brain that are like those cause by cocaine, heroin, and alcohol. Some researchers believe that these changes may put a person more at risk of becoming addicted to other drugs, such as cocaine or heroin. Scientist are still learning about the many ways that marijuana could affect the brain.

The drug can impair judgment, memory, depth perception, and coordination. A marijuana user might feel that the effects have worn off and safe driving is possible after a few hours. I’m okay In reality, drivers abilities remain impaired for a long time. Effects can last up to 24 hours after smoking marijuana. Marijuana use can also make it difficult to judge distances and react to signals and sounds on the road.

I’m not okay Driving experiments show that marijuana affects a wide range of skills needed for safe driving: -- thinking and reflexes are slowed, making it hard for drivers to respond to sudden, unexpected events. Also, a driver's ability to "track" (stay in lane) through curves, to brake quickly, and to maintain speed and the proper distance between cars is affected. Research shows that these skills are impaired for at least 4-6 hours after smoking a single marijuana cigarette, long after the "high" is gone. If a person drinks alcohol, along with using marijuana, the risk of an accident greatly increases. Marijuana presents a definite danger on the road.

NIDA Government Research Recent studies of automobile accident victims show that from 6 to 12 percent of non-fatally injured drivers and 4 to 16 percent of fatally injured drivers had tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, in their bloodstream A large majority of subjects who tested positive for THC also tested positive for alcohol. Combining alcohol and marijuana greatly impairs driving ability

Many penalties and consequences for driving under the influence of marijuana and other drugs are similar to that of alcohol

Can anyone read what is written on the bumper? This car was confiscated from a drug arrest

Review time…how much do you remember?

1) 12 oz. of beer, 6 oz. of wine, and a shot glass of whiskey, vodka, rum, etc., all contain about the _____amount of alcohol. 3) The DUI level in most states for people 21 years and older is: ______ 4) Teenagers who consume 3-4 drinks are __________more likely to be involved in a alcohol related fatality. 2) True or False: A BAC of can cause death.______ 5) Courts are increasingly sentencing DUI offenders to _______ if their crime results in serious injury or fatality. 6) Zero tolerance for drivers under the age of 21 means they cannot drive with any amount of _______ or illegal drugs.

8) Distorted perception, slowed reaction time, and loss of side vision are common effects of THC upon the brain. These are examples of _______________ 7) Marijuana is a powerful ____________ drug that quickly effects the brain, with _____being the main active ingredient 9) True or False: Medical findings so far, have shown that smoking marijuana may play a role in various types of cancer. _________ 10) Smoking marijuana can have lingering effects upon drivers…some effects even lasting up to _____after using.

13) Penalties for driving under the influence of marijuana and other drugs are similar to that of __________ 12) Drinking alcohol and using marijuana will _________ ___________ the risk of a collision. 11) True or False: The alcoholic causes most of the alcohol related fatalities on roads and highways today. ______ 14) True or False: Mixing alcohol or marijuana with any other drugs including medications can be very dangerous. _________ 15) True or False: It’s a free country…how much a person drinks before driving should be their own decision. _______

End of day 3