Principles of Eco-Industrial Development Strategic Approaches and Best Practice for Sustainable Industrial Development ESTP Training Program, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) April 19, 2007 - Taoyuan, Taiwan Andreas W. Koenig © 2007 Andreas W. Koenig, ecoindustry

Topics Overview Why EID? New Concepts in Times of Crisis Need for Action: A Global Approach EIP: Getting the Terminology Right Definition of an Eco-Industrial Park / Estate Worldwide EID Initiatives Approaches in Eco-Industrial Development Kalundborg (DK) – The Non-Model EIP Opportunities for Eco-Industrial Parks Future Perspectives of Eco-Industrial Development How to Begin....

Why EID? New Concepts in Times of Crisis Global Competition for Resources Rapidly increasing demand for industrial commodities (oil, gas, steel, copper, skilled workers, containers etc.) higher cost potential shortages

Why EID? New Concepts in Times of Crisis Global Climate Change Irregular Weather Patterns are causing floods, droughts, storm events higher risk for production safety higher cost for remediation

Why EID? New Concepts in Times of Crisis (2) Rapid Economic Development Global economy is changing the rules Industry in competition for natural resources with urban and rural areas Emerging and old economies are in direct competition for resources (Europe, USA, Japan, China, India) Pollution will increase dramatically China as example for success and failures

Why EID? New Concepts in Times of Crisis (2) Environmental Degradation Despite international environmental efforts, the state of the world is degrading rapidly Fish to be exploited by 2030 Agriculture crop production in peril

Need for Action: A Global Approach Circular Economy Maximum cycling of resources and materials ‚Cradle to Grave‘ stewardship of products National Policy in Germany, Scandinavia, Japan and China Eco-Industrial Development Industrial Ecology as principle for the new economy Eco-Industrial Parks and Networks as strategy to innovate industrial systems National EID Programs in UK, China, Korea

EIP: Getting the Terminology Right (1) The Goal: Eco-Industrial Development Mechanisms: Industrial metabolism Industrial symbiosis ‚Greening‘ of supply chains and customer nets Flexible manufacturing networks Ecological design   

EIP: Getting the Terminology Right (2) The Goal: Eco-Industrial Development Types of Development: Networking of industries in parks, estates and clusters Focus is local or regional, involve SMEs Eco-industrial clusters usually involve companies linked to one sector such as Information technology, petrochemicals or food processing Eco-industrial Parks are planned as industrial parks, zones or districts and often involve multiple sectors

Definition of an Eco-Industrial Park / Estate A community of manufacturing and service enterprises located together on a common property. Members seek enhanced environmental, economic, and social performance through collaboration in managing resources, environmental and social issues.

Worldwide EID Initiatives Great Britain U S A Australia Philippines Indonesia India Canada Cape Charles, VA Mexico Kalundborg, DK Italy Austria Germany Netherlands France Scandinavia Taiwan Japan Fiji Thailand China Londonderry, NH Minneapolis, MI Devens, MA Halifax. CAN Puerto Rico Vietnam Korea Spain Tunisia

Approaches in Eco-Industrial Development Planning of New (Eco)-Industrial Estates Participatory Planning with community involvement Planning of ‘best practices’ and build-in synergies Selling at a premium for first-class work and living environment

Approaches in Eco-Industrial Development Redevelopment of Existing Industrial Estates Zoning Brownfield Rehabilitation Business Incubators Service Centers Link to Regional Development Link to Local Economy

Approaches in Eco-Industrial Development Resource Recovery Parks (Recycling Clusters) recycling and processing facilities service area part of an industrial park or in close proximity up-cycling and waste diversion energy recovery (Waste-to-Energy) waste minimization and recycling

Kalundborg (DK) – The Non-Model EIP Industrial Ecology in Practice Input - Output analysis at the systems level By-product exchange and energy cascading Physical connections between production units – close proximity of industry on one site Systems approach outside an Industrial estate No management and formal research involved

Kalundborg (DK) – The Non-Model EIP Greenhouses Sulphuric acid maker sulfur hot water surplus gases Statoil Refinery . One of Denmark‘s largest refineries with a capacity of 3-4 million tons / year process steam sulphur cooling Asnaes Power Station gypsum condensate Cement Fly ash City of Kalundborg Provides district heating services to 500 Kalundbotrg homes Novo Nordisk Produces a significant amount of the world`s insulin supply and certain industrial enzymes ASNEAS fish farm. warm fertilizer Local farmers Hundreds of farms producing a variety of crops are located within the area sludge Gyproc Manufactures gypsum-based wall board Commissioned in 1959, the coal-fired plant has a capacity of 1,500 MW Kalundborg (DK) – The Non-Model EIP

Opportunities for Eco-Industrial Parks Management by Infrastructure efficient energy supply common effluent plants waste collection and disposal hazardous waste treatment center common chemical storage waste exchange, recycling center, effluent and water recovery estate-based emergency services public transport estate-wide logistics systems recreation, health and social services

Opportunities for Eco-Industrial Parks Management by Standards: Londonderry EIP, Manchester, USA environmental services for industries Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) technology assessment Environmental Management Systems (EMS – ISO 14001) energy audits & standards supply chain management Global Reporting Initiative discharge & emission limits, safety standards emergency preparedness – APELL Chemical Industry - Responsible Care

Opportunities for Eco-Industrial Parks Management by Design: Phillips Eco-Enterprise Center, Minneapolis Green Buildings, greening the supply chain Zero-Emission Concepts minimizing the ecological footprint

Opportunities for Eco-Industrial Parks Management by Cooperation: Map Ta Phut, Thailand information exchange: EID Center / local CP Center Managers Club EID-Forum as platform for networking Joint activities: collective landscaping, training, health care, transportation & logistics, linked emergency services Waste / by-product exchange systems

Future Perspectives of Eco-Industrial Development Need for definition, labeling, development of missing links and coordination of EID approaches: Work in Progress ! Industrial Ecology and Eco-Industrial Development are evolving fields of research and practice Need for combined implementation of proven tools at company and estate level Beyond Environmental Management & Cleaner Production

How to Begin.... Use common sense and innovation “Nice idea, but it’s not possible” as an excuse to overcome barriers Technology is never the problem 80-90 % of the tools are out there, and researchers are willing to close the gap look for the low-hanging fruits many synergies can be implemented by simple change of procedure & management ...and

Always start with a Vision ...