United States Air Pollution Levels (1990 – 2007) Source: “National Air Quality, Status and Trends through 2007,” U.S. EPA, 2008.

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Presentation transcript:

United States Air Pollution Levels (1990 – 2007) Source: “National Air Quality, Status and Trends through 2007,” U.S. EPA, 2008.

United States Air Pollution Levels (1980 – 2007) Source: “National Air Quality, Status and Trends through 2007,” U.S. EPA, 2008.

United States Surface Water Quality Source: “National Water Quality Inventory: Report to Congress,” U.S. EPA, 2007.

United States Coastal Water Status Source: “National Water Quality Inventory: Report to Congress,” U.S. EPA, 2007.

Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, Global Air Pollution

Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, Global Air Pollution

Global Fisheries Status Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, 2007.

Global Ecosystems Status Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, 2007.

Ozone Depletion

Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, 2007.

Greenhouse Effect

The Relationship between CO 2 Concentrations and Average Global Temperature Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Historical Carbon Emissions Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC)

Projected Carbon Emissions Source: “International Energy Outlook,” U.S. Department of Energy, 2007.

Projected Carbon Emissions Source: “International Energy Outlook,” U.S. Department of Energy, 2007.

Climate Stabilization Paths Source: “Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change,” HM Treasury, 2006.

Temperature Effects of Different Stabilization Paths Source: “Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change,” HM Treasury, Note: Difference between current temperature and the last ice age is about 5°C. Under a “Business as Usual” scenario there is a 50% chance of an eventual temperature change exceeding 5°C.

Effects of Different Temperature Increases Source: “Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change,” HM Treasury, 2006.

Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, Time Scale of Impacts on Sea Level Rise

Some Good News Source: “Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions” How Much At What Cost?” Creyts, et al., McKinsey & Company, December 2007.

According to global data, humanity is currently overshooting the ecological capacity of the Earth by about 40%. Source: Global Environmental Outlook 4, United Nations Environment Programme, Ecological Footprints

Note: The implicit one-year financial rate of return on a CF bulb is 300%! Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs

Typical Household Carbon Budget Average for a household in the U.S. is about 60 tons, only 25 tons is direct. Heating/Cooling (11%) Hot Water (3%) Lighting/Appliances (6%) Driving (20%) Flying (2%) Indirect Consumption (57%)

Carbon Emissions from Vehicles VehicleTons of Carbon per Year Toyota Prius2.10 Honda Civic2.95 Subaru Outback4.85 Chevy Silverado7.00 Toyota Land Cruiser10.10 Based on 12,000 miles per year.

Carbon Emissions from Flying FlightTons of Carbon 800 miles round trip0.35 2,500 miles round trip1.00 5,000 miles round trip1.95 Assume a household of two takes one cross- country trip and one trip to Europe per year. Total carbon emissions equal about 12 tons.

Priorities for Personal Action 1.Choose a place to live that reduces the need to drive. 2.Think twice before purchasing another car. 3.Choose a fuel-efficient, low-polluting car. 4.Set concrete goals for reducing your travel. 5.Whenever practical, walk, bike, or take public transportation. 6.East less meat. 7.Buy certified organic produce. 8.Choose your home carefully. 9.Reduce the environmental costs of heating and hot water. 10.Install efficient lighting and appliances. 11.Choose an electricity supplier offering renewable energy.

Avoid These High-Impact Activities 1.Powerboats 2.Pesticides and fertilizers 3.Gasoline-powered yard equipment 4.Fireplaces and wood stoves 5.Recreational off-road driving 6.Hazardous cleaners and paints 7.Products made from endangered or threatened species

Seven Rules for Responsible Consumption 1.Give special attention to major purchases (e.g., refrigerators, pools, snowmobiles) 2.Become a weight watcher 3.Analyze your consumption quantitatively (e.g., track water use) 4.Don’t worry or feel guilty about unimportant decisions (e.g., paper vs. plastic, paper plates, clothes fabrics) 5.Look for opportunities to be a leader (e.g., buy a hybrid, start a carpool, organize) 6.Buy more of those things that help the environment (e.g., microwaves, recycled products, low-flow faucets) 7.Think about non-environmental reasons for reducing consumption