Air Quality and Transport Study of the Los Angeles Basin Bo Tan M.S Student Department of Atmospheric sciences University of Nevada Reno – Desert Research.

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Presentation transcript:

Air Quality and Transport Study of the Los Angeles Basin Bo Tan M.S Student Department of Atmospheric sciences University of Nevada Reno – Desert Research Institute

CO NO x SO x Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) Total Organic gas PM Tons per day (2010)

Air Quality City Smog –Industrial Emission (point source)  VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds  SO x : Sulfur oxides  [Na 2 CO 3 (s)]: soda ash –Exhaust Emission (mobile source)  CO: Carbon Monoxide  [NO 2 (g)]: Nitrogen oxides  [O 3 (g)]: Ozone

VOC production

Size Distribution Number of particles in Red Area of particles in dashed lines Volume of particles in dotted lines Claremont, California, August 1987

PM2.5

Health Impact with PM2.5 Sensitive Areas –Near freeway / high traffic area –Airport / harbor –Downwind from industry Sensitive Groups –Asthma / other lung diseases –Children / Older adults –Chronicle outdoor workers

Don’t live near freeways!!

2007 Statistics 6.5k premature death 1.3million school absence days 2.8million working days 1.7 million asthma patients 9000 hospitalized related to respiratory illness

Los Angeles Air Quality Index

2002 AQI

Current LA Emissions vs. World Emissions SOx 2002 Data is in (ug/m^3), 150 ug/m^3 per column In many countries, the Sulfur content is highly restricted fuel, and power production restrictuions Many cities stopped monitoring sulfur concentration Bottom city Guiyang, China Top City Nice, France

Current LA Emissions vs. World Emissions NOx 60 ug/m3 pre column Bottom city Kiev Ukraine Top city Porto, Portugal

Current LA Emissions vs. World Emissions O 3 200(ug/M^3) pre column L.A O 3 concentration Riverside O 3 concentration

Current Monitors EPA –CO –NOx –SOx – O 3 –PM 2.5 –PM 10 –Lead –Facility monitoring AQMD –Collaboration from multi-agencies –Local –National –forecast maps –current conditions =airnow.fcsummary

Geography

L.A Ozone trend

Azusa Ozone trend

Upland Ozone trend

sixteen year projection with national standard

L.A Geography

Local Meteorology Initial stage Initial Mixing Development Stabilization

Initial Stage Stratified Atmosphere Diminishing Land breeze Start Valley breeze LAX WHIT ANAH ONT 8AM Time

Initial Mixing After morning traffic Initial sea breeze LAX WHIT ANAH ONT 12PM

Development Marine Layer propagation Max temperature contrast LAX WHIT ANAH ONT 3PM Time

Stabilization Marine Layer propagation Return Flow LAX WHIT ANAH ONT 5PM Time

Effects Wind Speed Soil Moisture Temperatures

Soil Moisture NGEs: Normalized gross errors, NG: normalized biases,

Soil Moisture Low Soil Moisture Destabilize BL Increase Mixing Decrease Pollutants Concentration High Soil Moisture Stabilize BL Decrease Mixing Increase Pollutants Concentration

Soil Effect Base Simulation 15% Soil Moisture 23% Soil Moisture

O 3 Concentration

Geography Hawthorne

CO NO x SO x Reactive Organic Gases (ROG) Total Organic gas PM Tons per day (2010)

Transport

Increasing secondary pollutants

Weekend Effect

Summary L.A air quality –Chemistry –Health effect –Historical trend –Compare to the world –Future projection L.A meteorology –Dinural evolution –Effects of primary and secondary pollutants –“ The Weekend Effect”