Unit 4 Public transport

Grammar and usage Phrasal verbs

We have learnt many phrasal verbs in our English study. Let’s read the three paragraphs and pay attention to the words in red.

It was raining. I went into a café and asked for a coffee. While I was waiting for my drink, I realized there were other people in the place, but I sensed loneliness. I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls because their souls belonged to the Net. I stood up and walked between the tables, when I came to the biggest computer, I saw a thin, small man sitting in front of it.

“I’m Steve,” he finally replied to me after I asked him a couple of times what his name was. “I can’t talk with you. I’m busy,” he said. He was chatting online and, at the same time, he was playing a computer game---a war game. I was surprised. I tried to talk to him again, he shouted at me, “I can’t put up with you. Leave me alone.” That night, I thought everything over, but was at a loss. Are they wrong or I am?

A phrasal verb is made up of a verb plus an adverb or a preposition. What is a phrasal verb?

1 ．动词 + 副词 a. 作及物动词 He brought up his children strictly ． 在 “ 动词 + 副词 ” 的词组中宾语位置有两种情 况：宾语如是名词，既可以置于副词后，亦 可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词， 只能置于动词和副词之间。

They have differences, but they have agreed to put them aside in the interests of winning the election. b. 作不及物动词 He usually gets up at seven ． The sports meeting will have to be put off due to the bad weather.

2 ．动词 + 介词 动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一 个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面，例： I don’t care for animals ． The police are pretty busy looking into the case. I have no choice but to look after her little baby.

Pay attention to the different meanings of pick up. He picked up the wallet on the floor. ( 捡起 ) She picked up some French when he was in France. ( 不系统地学点 ) Yesterday I picked up a second-hand bike. ( 便宜地买到 ) His radio can pick up many English programs. ( 接收到 )

VerbsPhrasal verbssentences take take off The bus will take off soon. take up The piano takes up too much room give give up He is brave enough to give up the stupid idea. give out The sun gives out light and heat. look look up You’d better look up the word in the dictionary. look for They were looking for the missing boy.

1. Born into a family with three brothers, David was ______ to value the sense of sharing. （ 2011 福建） A. brought up B. turned down C. looked after D. held back A 真题链接

2. If you _____ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. （ 2011 安徽） A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon 3. She ________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. (2011 天津 ) A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across D A

4. I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. (2011 全国 I) A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to 5. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ____at a hotel for the night. (2011 浙江 ) A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up B D

6. The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to _______ it. (2011 浙江 ) A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with 7. I often ______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the internet. (2011 四川 ) A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look into A A

（ 2012 安徽卷） The athlete’s years of hard training _____ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up C

（ 2012 全国卷） Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _____ almost every word her teacher says. A. put out B. put down C. put away D. put together B

（ 2012 福建卷） You had better _____ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. A. set aside B. take up C. put away D. give out A

（ 2012 江西卷） I’ve _____ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. A. come into B. gone into C. got into D. run into C

（ 2012 湖北卷） Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _____ his courage. A. keep up B. hold up C. take up D. set up A

（ 2012 四川卷） It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly; he hasn’t lived there very long. A. picked up B. looked up C. put up D. made up A