Organisms obtaining food  Autotroph: An organism that makes it’s own food  Ex. Plants, Algae  Heterotroph: An organism that obtains food by eating autotrophs.  Ex. Human, Cow

Energy Kinetic  Energy of motion  Thermal Energy  Random Molecular Motion Potential  Stored Energy  Chemical Energy  Atoms arranged to store energy

Cellular Respiration  Input  Sugar + Oxygen  Cellular Respiration  Creates Heat and ATP  Output  CO 2 + H 2 O  Input  Gasoline + Oxygen  Combustion  Creates Heat and movement  Output  CO 2 + H 2 O Combustion

Cellular Respiration  A chemical process that uses oxygen to convert the energy in organic molecules into ATP

 ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate  ATP = Energy “currency” for cell  ATP provides energy for the cell to do three types of work:  Chemical work = building large molecules  Mechanical work = muscle contraction  Transport work = getting ions across cell membrane

Respiration  Aerobic: A process that requires oxygen  Cellular respiration vs. breathing  Both Bring in Oxygen and release Co 2

Cellular Respiration  Video

Cellular Respiration equation  C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + 38ATP

Cellular Respiration  Input: Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) + Oxygen (O 2 )  Output: Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) + Water (H 2 O) + 38 ATP

Lactic Acid Fermentation  The process used to make ATP without oxygen  Anaerobic= A process that does not require oxygen  ATP is made from just the process of glycolysis  Creates 2 ATP and Lactic Acid

Alcoholic Fermentation  Organisms such as yeast can ferment sugar and other foods but they create ethyl alcohol instead of Lactic Acid  Alcoholic Fermentation also releases CO 2 which allows for the rising of bread or carbonation of beverages