Wednesday – February 1, 2012 Mr. Lombardi Do Now: Complete the following: 1. If barbarians from another country started taking over the USA from the east coast, what would you and your family do? Why? 2. Try to fill in the blanks of today’s class work handout on a separate sheet of paper. Do the best you can! Aim: Why was the Byzantine Empire considered the new Rome?

SPLITS

Capital = Constantinople Continued as the New ROME Kings saw themselves to still be considered ROMAN emperors

Byzantine Empire BECOMES

Constantinople Survived because it was far away from the Germanic tribe invasions It was the crossroads of trade, so it was successful. Preserved Greco-Roman culture.

Justinian Justinian was a serious emperor who worked from dawn to midnight. He helped rebuild and re- conquer Rome Had ABSOLUTE POWER = controlled both government and church

Byzantine Under Justinian He wanted a re-conquest of the Roman territories that were lost through Germanic invasions

Justinian’s Accomplishments Sent Best general Belisarius to take North Africa from the Vandals 2 Years later Belisarius took Rome back from the Ostrogoths Justinian won back nearly all the territory Rome used to rule.

Justinian Code Justinian set up a panel of legal experts to look through 400 years of Roman law. – Some laws were outdated – Justinian wanted to create a single, uniform code This became known as the Justinian Code that was used for 900 years after his death

Justinian Expands Trade The main street that ran through Constantinople was called the MESE which means “Middle Way” – It ran from the imperial palace to the outer walls

There was a giant open-air market where shoppers could buy: – Tin from England – Wine from France – Cork from Spain – Ivory and gold from Africa Justinian Expands Trade

Byzantium Preserves Learning Families valued education – Sent children to monastic or public schools – Hired private tutors – Greek and Latin grammar, philosophy and rhetoric They preserved Greek and Roman great works

Justinian’s Building Program Launched the most ambitious public building program the Roman world had ever seen. City protected by a deep moat, and three walls that were 25 feet thick City coast was surrounded by a 14-mile stone wall

The Hagia Sophia Justinians’ most splendid building Christian church later taken by the Muslims

Summary Why was the Byzantine Empire considered the new Rome?

1. An immediate result of the fall of the Roman Empire was (1) a renewed interest in education and the arts (2) a period of disorder and weak central government (3) an increase in trade and manufacturing (4) the growth of cities and dominance by the middle class

2. One similarity between the decline of the Roman Empire and the fall of the Manchu Dynasty was that both initially led to (1) democratically elected governments (2) major accomplishments in art, science, and technology (3) political chaos and decentralization of government (4) improved economic conditions

3. Both the Ancient Romans and the Ancient Chinese viewed foreigners (people from different places) as barbarians. This is an example of (1) cultural diffusion (2) materialism (3) ethnocentrism (4) imperialism