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NGfL CYMRU GCaD PORTSAILINGNAME OF SHIPPING LINES AucklandMonthlyFederal Steam Navigation Company Ltd. BangkokMonthlyAlfred Holt & Company BeiraMonthlyClan Line, Ellerman Line, Harrison Line BombayMonthlyAnchor Line, Brocklebank Line, City Line, Clan Line, T & J Harrison BrisbaneFortnightlyFederal Steam Navigation Company Ltd. Buenos AiresFortnightlyHoulder Brothers & Company Ltd. CalcuttaMonthlyAnchor Line, Brocklebank Line, City Line, Clan Line, T & J Harrison Cape TownMonthlyClan Line, Ellerman Line, Harrison Line, British & Continental South African Line ColumboAnchor Line, Brocklebank Line, City Line, Clan Line, T & J Harrison DurbanMonthlyClan Line, Ellerman Harrison Line, British & Continental South African Line List of regular sailings from Newport (circa 1914) WHAT TO DO… Look at the list of regular sailings from Newport around 1914 on the next two slides. What sorts of things do you think were exported from Newport? Do you know the countries where all these ports can be found?

NGfL CYMRU GCaD PORTSAILINGNAME OF SHIPPING LINES Hong KongMonthlyNippon Yusen Kaisha KarachiMonthlyCity Line, Hall Line Lisbon3-weeklyRoyal Mail Steam Packet Company MauritiusMonthlyClan Line, Ellerman Line, Harrison Line MelbourneFortnightlyFederal Steam Navigation Company MontevideoFortnightlyHoulder Brothers & Company Rio de Janiero3-weeklyRoyal Mail Steam Packet Company Santos3-weeklyRoyal Mail Steam Packet Company San Francisco3-weeklyRoyal Mail Steam Packet Company ShanghaiMonthlyAlfred Holt & Company SingaporeMonthlyAlfred Holt & Company SydneyFortnightlyFederal Steam Navigation Company WellingtonMonthlyFederal Steam Navigation Company YokohamaMonthlyAlfred Holt & Company List of regular sailings from Newport (circa 1914)

NGfL CYMRU GCaD Distances between Newport and some important ports The ships would not have been able to sail over land. Can you suggest possible routes? Mark them on your board with the IWB pen. San Francisco Port 7,800 nautical miles (8,980 land miles) Travelling at 8 knots would take 41 days Bombay Port 6,109 nautical miles (7,025 land miles) Travelling at 8 knots would take 32 days Singapore Port 8,079 nautical miles (9,291 land miles) Travelling at 8 knots would take 42 days Brisbane Port 11,805 nautical miles (13,575 land miles) Travelling at 8 knots would take 62 days!

NGfL CYMRU GCaD Newport – changes over time

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NGfL CYMRU GCaD Newport and the World The district surrounding Newport is teeming with collieries, iron and steel works, blast furnaces, rolling mills, tinplate works and other manufactories, whilst in the town and immediate neighbourhood are rubber and chemical works, patent fuel manufactories, engineering, and shipbuilding works and yards, iron and brass foundries, and cast and creosoting works, brick and tile factories, lime kilns, flour mills, clothing, tobacco and confectionery manufactories, all of which tend to enhance the prosperity of the town and increase the large export shipping trade done at the docks and wharves. (John’s Directory 1913, p 48) Newport is situated on the River Usk, in the Bristol Channel, and is the chief town and port in the County of Monmouth. The town owes its reputation and prosperity to being the only natural port of shipment for the Eastern portion of the South Wales Coalfield; its imports of iron and manganese ores, pig iron, billets, phosphates, timber and pit wood, and its exports of manufactured iron, rails, tin plates and galvanized sheets. It is one of the leading coal ports of the kingdom. The Alexandra (Newport & South Wales) Docks and Railway Company, circa The Usk is the deepest tidal river in commercial use in the Kingdom. Some of the most extensive works in the world are located on its banks, and the largest cargo carrying steamers afloat regularly use its safe and sheltered channel in proceeding either to the splendidly equipped docks, or to the wharves which are found n the riverside. Newport Year Book 1913, pg 52 Newport is one of the three largest coal exporting ports in the world. There are over 60 miles of storage sidings at the Alexandra Docks. Newport & Its Progress 1908, pg 41 Being the only seaport in Monmouthshire it [Newport] is the natural outlet and centre for all the numerous iron and steel works and other important industries of the district. John’s Directory 1913, pg 73. From small beginnings Newport has steadily risen to a place in the front rank of the ports of this country. Before the advent of the Alexandra Dock, our volume of trade for a year was little more than now done in a couple of days. The Largest Dock in the World: Programme of the Opening of the new Entrance Lock, 1914

NGfL CYMRU GCaD What you need to do… 1)This slide has five pieces written about the development of Newport into an international port. Each one can be viewed (and hidden) by clicking on the numbers. Read each one carefully and type any information that you find in the text box provided. When collecting information, think about: The types of industry and the speed of growth The towns and villages involved The methods of transport used How this would have changed the environment of the areas involved. 2) Read the pieces again. Can you find which comments could be FACT and which sound like the author’s OPINION? Use your whiteboard highlighter tool to mark your findings!