Timeline example The Birth of Jesus-on Year 1 CE, or A.D. 1 CE2 CE3 CE…..…3 BCE 2 BCE 1 BCE

Foldable Notetaking! We will be creating a foldable time with which to take notes. Hot dog fold 2 nd hot Dog Fold Mark of six equal sections by folding in half once, then into thirds. Draw a timeline arrow across the length of the foldable, and label it according to the diagram on the next slide.

Example Olmec Hohokam & Anasazi After copying the writing, use your scissors to cut each line, being careful to NOT CUT THROUGH THE BACK PIECE, this way the timeline will stay together. cut IncaAztecMaya Mound Builders cut

Use pull out tab for notes notes Notes

And Pull up for Map and Pictures

Unit Topic Unit Title Unit Question Significant concept Area of interaction Approaches to learning Assessment and Criteria

Unit TOPIC The Americas from first migration to the eve of conquest

Unit TITLE We Have Pyramids too!

Unit QUESTION Why do civilizations evolve differently?

SIGNIFICANT concept There is a connection between our culture and our natural environment.

AREA OF INTERACTION Environments

APPROACHES TO LEARNING Information Literacy and thinking

ASSESSMENT AND CRITERIA Knowledge: Thesis Defense Paper #1

A Culture of Corn Atira is the name of the Mother Earth goddess in the Native American Pawnee tribal culture. She was the wife of Tirana, the creator god. Her earthly manifestation is corn, which symbolizes the life that Mother Earth gives Song Lyrics: “Follow Mother Corn, who brings forth Life. Ah-tira, ah-tira, ah-tira, ah- tira

Seminar Questions-Jot ideas down on a separate piece of paper What do you think the purpose of this song was? Why is Corn worshipped as a Goddess? How does this song relate to the significant concept of this Unit? Can you think of any other examples of how Religions are influenced by the natural environment that they were developed in?

Olmec The powerful Olmec Culture developed in the lowland rainforests of what is now eastern Mexico from BCE. The Olmecs were skillful farmers, traders and architects. They used a form of picture writing to record time. They created beautiful pottery, and jewelry. But their most famous creations are huge, flat stone heads that weigh 20 tons each.

Maya The Mayan culture arose in present day Guatemala and reached its height from 300 CE to 900 CE. At its peak, there were forty Mayan cities, with populations rages from 5,000 to 50,000 people. The Maya built stone pyramids, temples, plazas, and courts for playing ball. They used picture writing and created a 365 day calendar. The Maya were skilled at math and astronomy, and they created exact tables of the positions of the moon and Venus. Mayan farmers used advanced planting and watering methods to grow crops. The Mayans made paper and books, worked gold and copper, and carved beautiful sculpture in stone. They prayed to nature gods in ceremonies that sometimes used human sacrifice.

Aztec Around 1200 CE, the Aztec group moved into what is currently central Mexico. There they helped to bring down the Toltec, the largest, most important tribe of that region. The Aztecs later founded Tenochtitlan, their capital, on the site of today’s Mexico City. The Aztecs prayed to nature gods. They developed improved farming methods, and their knowledge of building, math, and astronomy was great. Tenochtitlan, like all great capital cities, had beautiful palaces, gardens, a library, and a huge, busy market.

Inca The Inca controlled an empire of 12 million people that stretched more than 2000 miles along South America’s coast. The Inca built 2 north south-roads, each 2,250 miles long, to help unite their empire. Like the Aztecs, the Inca prayed to nature Gods. Sometimes they practiced animal and human sacrifice. Most Incas were farmers. They lived in houses of stone or adobe (sun dried bricks) and raised llamas, dogs, alpacas and guinea pigs. They used advanced farming methods to grow corn, squash, potatoes and other crops. Their mountain cities such as Cuzco and Machu Picchu had stone buildings, temples and strong fortresses.

Mound builders East of the Mississippi River, ancient peoples called mound builders emerged between about 400 BCE and 1700 CE. The Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian cultures developed one after another. They are called “Mound Builders” because they built many large earth mounds. The famous Serpent Mound in Ohio is nearly a quarter of a mile long and averages three feet high. The Adena was mostly in what is now southern Ohio. The Adena were mound builders who lived by hunting, fishing, and raising corn. The Hopewell came shortly after the Adena, and where also hunters, gatherers and farmers. They creates beautiful pottery and metalwork and traded with different people throughout North America. The Mississippian People, the last of the Mound builders, were farmers. There city of Cahokia, near modern day St. Louis, Missouri, had hundreds of mounds, including the largest mound in North America.

Hohokam and Anasazi In North America’s southwestern Desert areas, ancient Native American peoples such as the Hohokam and Anasazi grew corn, squash, and beans. The Hohokam, from around 300 BCE to 1400 CE, are most famous for their 150 mile network of canals, which watered their field sand helped them to grow corn and cotton. From about 100 CE, the Anasazi developed an important civilization. They lived in the area where the boundaries of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah now meet. Anasazi houses changed over the years from simple tent like structures to large stone houses to cliff dwellings that sometimes rose four stories high and had as many as 1000 rooms. They were farmers who grew pumpkins, beans, and corn.

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