World War II and The Cold War Review for Test Essay Topic: TWO causes and TWO results of WWII.
1. Causes of World War II Nationalism-Hitler wanted Austria because he was born there. Wanted to unite all German speaking people. Germany was humiliated from the Treaty of Versailles. Nationalism-Hitler wanted Austria because he was born there. Wanted to unite all German speaking people. Germany was humiliated from the Treaty of Versailles. Imperialism- Germany took over Austria (Anschluss), Poland, Czechoslovakia, France. Italy took over Ethiopia and Japan took over China, Manchuria. Imperialism- Germany took over Austria (Anschluss), Poland, Czechoslovakia, France. Italy took over Ethiopia and Japan took over China, Manchuria.
Causes (continued) Appeasement- Munich Conference. Britain and France gave Hitler part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland. He saw this as a victory and went in and took the rest. Appeasement- Munich Conference. Britain and France gave Hitler part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland. He saw this as a victory and went in and took the rest. Alliances- Allies- Britain, France, USSR and US. Axis- Germany, Italy and Japan. Alliances- Allies- Britain, France, USSR and US. Axis- Germany, Italy and Japan. Economic Conditions- Great Depression allowed for the rise of Hitler to power. Economic Conditions- Great Depression allowed for the rise of Hitler to power.
Causes (continued) Failure of the League of Nations- No military. U.S. did not join. Could not enforce the Treaty of Versailles. Nations had self-interest. Failure of the League of Nations- No military. U.S. did not join. Could not enforce the Treaty of Versailles. Nations had self-interest.
2. How did WWI and the Treaty of Versailles cause WWII? Harsh on Germany. They wanted revenge. Harsh on Germany. They wanted revenge. Created poor economic conditions. Created poor economic conditions. No provision for enforcement. No provision for enforcement.
3. Why did Hitler tear up the Non-Aggression Pact and invade the USSR Low on supplies. Needed farmland and oil fields. Low on supplies. Needed farmland and oil fields.
4. How did Hitler try to defeat Britain? Why unable? Battle of Britain- used 100 planes a day to bomb major cities and industrial centers. Battle of Britain- used 100 planes a day to bomb major cities and industrial centers. Was unsuccessful because Britain was an island and developed the use of radar. Was unsuccessful because Britain was an island and developed the use of radar.
5. What countries were invaded by Hitler? Rhineland, Austria, Czech, France, Poland Rhineland, Austria, Czech, France, Poland
6. Why did the League of Nations fail? No military No military Self interest Self interest U.S. did not join U.S. did not join
7. What is meant by the Cold War? Countries involved? Leaders? Competition or rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union (Democracy and Communism). Competition or rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union (Democracy and Communism). U.S. and Western Europe v. Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (satellites) U.S. and Western Europe v. Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (satellites) Starts with Truman and Stalin. Starts with Truman and Stalin.
8. Why did Japan become imperialistic? They had no natural resources. They took over countries that had natural resources. They had no natural resources. They took over countries that had natural resources.
9. Genocide and Anschluss Genocide- the murder of an entire race of people. Genocide- the murder of an entire race of people. Anschluss- the union of Austria and Germany. Anschluss- the union of Austria and Germany.
10. Results of WWII Cold War Cold War United Nations United Nations Learned the truth of the Holocaust (Nuremberg Trials) Learned the truth of the Holocaust (Nuremberg Trials)
11. Purpose of: Nato- military alliance to protect western Europe from Communism. Nato- military alliance to protect western Europe from Communism. Common Market- meant to encourage trade among the nations of Western Europe. Common Market- meant to encourage trade among the nations of Western Europe. Marshall Plan- give aid to Western Europe to help them rebuild and prevent the spread of communism. Marshall Plan- give aid to Western Europe to help them rebuild and prevent the spread of communism. United Nations- international peace keeping organization. Protect human rights. United Nations- international peace keeping organization. Protect human rights.
12. What were the Nuremberg Trials? Tried Nazi officers for crimes against humanity. Tried Nazi officers for crimes against humanity. Claimed they were following orders. Claimed they were following orders. Court ruled still responsible. Court ruled still responsible.
13. Explain conditions in Europe after WWII Cooperative effort Cooperative effort Cold War begins. U.S. provides aid to Western Europe to prevent the spread of communism. Soviet Union expands into Eastern Europe (satellites). Cold War begins. U.S. provides aid to Western Europe to prevent the spread of communism. Soviet Union expands into Eastern Europe (satellites).
14. Explain containment Truman’s doctrine- stop the spread of communism. The Marshall Plan is part of containment because providing aid is one way to prevent the spread of communism. Every President since Truman follows this policy (Reagan took it a step further and tried to get rid of communism in areas it already existed). Truman’s doctrine- stop the spread of communism. The Marshall Plan is part of containment because providing aid is one way to prevent the spread of communism. Every President since Truman follows this policy (Reagan took it a step further and tried to get rid of communism in areas it already existed).