A Remarkable Diversity 1900 to the present The Modern World: A Remarkable Diversity 1900 to the present

Darwin: Undermining Victorian Ideas Theory of evolution based on natural selection – ______ or become ______ _______ Darwinism – in human society, only the fittest _________ survive and flourish Social Darwinism was used to justify unrestricted competition, rigid _______ distinctions, _______ to social problems, and doctrines of _______ superiority.

Marx: Undermining Victorian Ideas Philosopher and economist Advocates doing away with _______ property Argues that _______ should own the means of production Theories of social and economic justice

Freud: Undermining Victorian Ideas Doctor Finds the motives for human behavior not in our rational, conscious minds but in the _______ and sexually driven realm of the _______, which manifests itself mainly in our _______ _______ drives motivates our behavior

“A War to End All Wars” World War I – the _____ war Young men flocked to enlist to defend their nation, but they _____ in great numbers. After the war, many were _________ because the results of the war were negative: a __________ economy, a tottering colonial empire, and a devastating _____ of life. As a result, ___________ about the state and the individual’s relation to society entered.

A Revolution in Literature Modernism – _____________ with form and content Focus on ___________ instead of a concern with __________ Some rejected traditional _____________ order in storytelling _______ of ____________ writing Less discreet descriptions of sexuality

Origins of World War II Worldwide economic __________ fostered the rise of dictators in some countries Hitler & the Nazi party used the __________ woes to convince many Germans that their problems were caused by ______, Communists, and ___________. The Holocaust – resulted in the death of millions of innocent men, women, & kids Much of the literature after World War II was _______ and ____________

Britain after World War II The ___________ assumed responsibility for providing ________ care and other basic benefits for its citizens. Most of the _______ gained their independence, ending the _______ Empire.

British Writing Today Angry Young Men – criticized the ____________ of intellectuals and the _______ lives of the middle class. Postmodernism – often deals with _______’s rights, multiculturalism, the environment, and _______ destruction. The British excel at _______.

World/Postcolonial Literature Writers can have __________ influence. Postcolonial literature – writers from former British ________ explore issues of personal identify and the effects of _________ domination and _______. Spread of _______ across the world has also affected the literature.

African Expressions Negritude – encouraged black writers to turn to ____________ African culture, art, and history as sources of inspiration and _______. Other writers confront racism and social inequality.

Other Writings Feminist writers dramatize women’s lack of _______ in a world controlled by _______. Much of modern world literature has been a direct and blistering response to _______.