Industrial Revolution and Nationalism – World at War Chapter 15 Section 3

Industrial Revolution  A life-changing period when goods changed from being made by hand to being made by machine in factories

Industrial Revolution Changes  Machines were invented to speed weaving textiles  Improved transportation systems meant people could travel more quickly and more cheaply  Improved communication meant people could keep in touch even though separated be long distances

Negative Effects of the Industrial Revolution  Cities grew too quickly people lived in dirty conditions diseases spread  Factory owners took advantage of workers Wages were low Working conditions were poor

Positive Effects of the Industrial Revolution  Making and selling goods was an important part of the economy  Nations became more democratic as workers were given a stronger voice in making laws

Imperialism (Age of Imperialism late 1800s)  The practice of taking control of foreign territories as colonies in order to form an empire Colonies provided raw materials needed for industry Colonies supplied markets for European goods

Nationalism (cause of WWI)  Pride in one’s country Destructive Nationalism – can make one nation harm another Can lead to war

World War I (Alliances – cause of WWI)  Nations feared one another so they formed alliances  Two Great Alliances Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey (Central Powers) Great Britain, France, and Russia (Allied Powers) ( Roots of War: Discovery Streaming )

World War I – The Great War  Began July 28, 1914  Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated  U.S. joined in 1917 at the request of President Woodrow Wilson  War ended in 1918  Results: Austria-Hungary was split, Germany lost its overseas empires and a lot of land was taken away, Germany was required to pay war damages  Treaty of Versailles

World War II  Began Sept. 1, 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland  Alliances: Germany, Italy, and Japan (Axis Powers) Great Britain, France, Soviet Union and United States (Allied Powers)

World War II  December 7, 1941 – attack on Pearl Harbor (Discovery Learning)  U.S. declared war on Japan Dec. 8, 1941 – Franklin Roosevelt  War in Europe ended May 1945  Hiroshima bombed August 6, 1945  Nagasaki bombed August 9, 1945

Results  6 million Jews were killed – Holocaust  Germany was divided East Germany West Germany Map  6 million Jews were killed – Holocaust  Creation of Israel  Formation of the United Nations

Communism  A form of unlimited government in which the state owns the farms and factories and decides what will be grown and produced  Started by Vladimir Lenin – Russia’s first Communist Leader

The Iron Curtain  An imaginary boundary created to cut off people in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union from the west  

The Cold War  A period of tension without actual fighting  Began after WW II  The U.S. wanted to stop communism from spreading throughout the world