Propylene Oxide Production Done By: Salem Alkanaimsh Mohammed AlBannay Amer Alnajdi Sabah Alfadly Bader AlRashdi Prof. M. Fahim Eng. Yousef Ismael.

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Presentation transcript:

Propylene Oxide Production Done By: Salem Alkanaimsh Mohammed AlBannay Amer Alnajdi Sabah Alfadly Bader AlRashdi Prof. M. Fahim Eng. Yousef Ismael

Table Of Contents Introduction. Manufacturing processes. Properties of Raw materials. Properties of Final Products. Uses & Applications.

Table Of Contents Introduction. Manufacturing processes. Properties of Raw materials. Properties of final Products. Uses & Applications.

Introduction What is Propylene oxide? Physical & Chemical Properties.

Propylene Oxide An organic toxic flammable compound. An epoxide having a molecular formula of C 3 H 6 O. Its importance is based on the compounds derived from it. There are a lot of industrial processes for manufacturing.

Physical Properties Molecular FormulaC3H6OC3H6O Molar Mass58.08 g/mol N. Boiling Point34 o C Heat Of Vaporization27.89 KJ/mol Density g/mL Vapor Pressure KPa AppearanceColorless Liquid

Chemical Properties Reactions with : 1. Water. 2. Amines & Ammonia. 3. Carbon Dioxide. 4. Hydrogen Sulfide & Mercaptans. 5. Grignard Reagent.

Manufacturing Processes Industrial, and non-Industrial. Industrial Processes: 1. Chlorohydrin process. 2. Indirect Oxidation of propylene. Non-Industrial Processes: 1. Direct Oxidation of propylene. 2. Electrochemical Process.

Indirect Oxidation Of propylene Uses peroxide compounds. 1. Hydroperoxide (R-OOH). 2. Peracids (R-C-OOH). Acids or alcohols are co-products.

Indirect Oxidation of Propylene 3 different industrial processes. Peroxide FeedstockEpoxidation CoproductCoproducts Derivate AcetaldehydeAcetic acid- IsobutaneTert-butyl alcoholIsobutylene Ethyl benzenea- phenylethy alcoholStyrene

Epoxidation by using ethyl benzene

Produces PO & Styrene. Has 4 steps: 1. Ethyl benzene Oxidation 2. Propylene Epoxidation: 3. Acetophoene Hydrogenation: 4. MBA Dehydration:

Raw materials & Final Products Raw materials: 1. Propylene 2. Air 3. Ethyl benzene Final Products: 1. Propylene Oxide. 2. Styrene.

Properties of Raw materials. CompoundMwt g/mol Boiling point o C Density g/cm 3 Propylene Air Ethyl benzene

Final Products (Styrene) Physical properties: Manufacturing Processes: 1. Dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene. 2. Co-Product with PO. Mwt g/mol Boiling Point145 o C Density0.909 g/cm 3 Viscosity0.762 cP

Expoxidation by using Isobutane

Produces PO & MTBE. Has 4 Steps: 1. Oxidation of Isobutane: 2. Propylene Epoxidation: 3. Tert-butanol dehydration: 4. Producing MTBE:

Raw materials & Final Products Raw materials: 1. Propylene. 2. Air 3. Isobutane. Final Products: Propylene oxide. MTBE.

Properties of Raw materials & Final Products. Isobutane: MTBE: Mwt g/mol Boiling Point oC Density2.52 Kg/m 3 Vapor pressure489 KPa Mwt88.15 g/mol Boling Point55.2 oC Density0.74 g/cm 3 AppearanceColorless liquid

Epoxidation by using Acetaldehyde

Produces PO & Acetic Acid. Has 3 Steps: 1. Oxidation of acetaldehyde: 2. Propylene Epoxidation: 3. Multi-Distillation System.

Raw materials & Final Products Raw materials: 1. Propylene. 2. Air 3. Acetaldehyde. Products: 1. Propylene oxide. 2. Acetic Acid.

Properties of Raw materials & Final Products. Acetaldehyde: Acetic Acid: Mwt44.05 g/mol Density0.788 g/cm 3 Boiling point 20.2 o C Melting point o C Mwt60.05 g/mol Density1.04 g/cm 3 Boiling point o C Melting point 16.5 o C

Chlorohydrin Process

Not an efficient process. Has 2 Steps: 1. Formation of Chlorohydrin: 2. Saponification:

Raw materials & Final Products Raw materials: 1. Propylene. 2. Chlorine. 3. Water. 4. Lime or (Caustic). Final Products: 1. Propylene oxide 2. Calcium chloride or (Sodium chloride).

Properties of Raw materials CompoundMwt (g/mol) Density g/cm 3 )) Melting point ( o C) Chlorine Water Lime Caustic

Properties Of final products PropertyCalcium ChlorideSodium Chloride Mwt (g/mol) Density (g/cm 3 ) Melting point o C)) Boiling point o C)) > AppearanceWhite or colorless solidWhite powder or crystals Solubility g/100 ml water

Uses & Applications Propylene Oxide Polyether Polyols Polyurethanes Propylene glycols

Applications of Polyurethanes Polyurethanes electronics Thermal insulation Rigid Foams Flexible Foams Automobiles Seats Varnish For Wood

Applications of propylene glycol Propylene glycol Solvent for Food color Coolant in Liquid cooling Systems Synthetic Rubbers & Fibers Automotive Anti-freeze Moisturizer in Food & Medicine