CROATIAN NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR ESTIMATING GHG FROM AGRICULTURE M.sc. Snježana Fijan-Parlov EKONERG, Atmospheric Protection Dpt. 24-25 June 2005 DG JRC Ispra (VA), Italy

Chronology of Inventory Preparation GHG emission inventory (1990-1995) was prepared in 2000, in the framework of 1NC In-depth review of 1NC, including GHG inventory, is done (March 2002). First National Inventory Report (NIR) for 1990-2001 (including CRF for all years) was prepared in September 2003. NIR for 1990-2002 was prepared and submitted to UNFCCC Secretariat, first time in appropriate time (15 April 2004).

National Lead Stakeholders Ministry of Environmental Protection, Physical Planning and Construction (MEPPPC) is responsible for GHG inventory preparation (National Focal Point). reporting to international bodies National Lead Institution (EKONERG) EKONERG (Atmospheric Protection Dpt.) prepares GHG inventory, based on contract with Ministry. EKONERG is responsible for co-ordination/compilation of inventory, archiving of relevant data, documentation of activity data, emission factors and methods used, validation & verification of data and compilation of report. Arrangement of long-term contract for inventory preparation is one of the main goal in creation of sustainable inventory process.

Institutional Arrangements * National Steering Committee was established in the framework of Regional Project: “Capacity Building for Improving the Quality of Greenhouse Gas Inventories” * In near future, Agency will be responsible for GHG inventory preparation and EKONERG should be thematic center for air (together with some other institutions).

Scope of National Inventory National Inventory Report is based on: UNFCCC guidance on reporting and review (FCCC/CP/1999/7 & FCCC/CP/2002/8) IPCC methodology (Revised 1996 & GPG Guidelines) Detailed description of Inventory by Sectors and by GHG is provided in NIR. Inventory covered: all relevant sources and sinks in the framework of IPCC methodology main anthropogenic direct GHG: CO2, CH4, N2O, PFCs, HFCs (SF6 wasn’t estimated); indirect GHG: CO, NOx, NMVOC; and SO2

GHG Emission Calculations from agriculture The agricultural activities contribute directly to the emission of greenhouse gases through various processes. The following sources have been identified to make a more complete break down in the emission calculation: Livestock: enteric fermentation (CH4) and manure management (CH4, N2O) Agricultural soils (N2O)

GHG Emission Calculations from agriculture The emission generated by burning the agricultural residues was not included in calculation because its activity is prohibited by low in Republic of Croatia. There are no ecosystems in Republic of Croatia that could be considered natural savannas or rice fields; consequently, no greenhouse gas emissions therefore exist for this sub-category.

GHG Emission Calculations from agriculture IPCC methodology (Tier 1) and default EFs were mainly used. Country specifics: no country specific EF Data gaps: manure management statistics

Overview of activity data Annual population of livestock (decline 1995-2002) Manure system (additional research needed) Synthetic fertilisers (additional research needed) Crop production data Area of histosols

National Institutions Data Sources: Central Bureau of Statistics (statistical data), Faculty of agriculture, Zagreb FAO data base

Description of GHG Emission Calculation System

Trend of Total GHG Emissions/Removals by Sectors in 1990 – 31.6 mil. t CO2-eq in 2002 – 28.0 mil. t CO2-eq Energy sector: 67-76% CO2 removals by sinks: 9 mil. t in 2002 From 1995 to 2002, GHG emissions increased with average annual rate of 3.3%. If the emissions will continue to increase with this rate, emission Kyoto limit will be exceeded in 2005.

Share of gasses in Total GHG Emission - 2002

Trend of CH4 Emissions Total CH4 emissions: in 1990 – 182 kt

Trend of N2O Emissions Total N2O emissions: in 1990 – 12.5 kt

Key Sources Analyses, Tier 1 IPCC Category Source GHG Level/Trend ENERGY   Stationary Sources - Coal CO2 Level, Trend Stationary Sources – Liquid Fuel Stationary Sources – Natural Gas Mobile Sources – Road Transport Mobile Sources – Domestic Aviation Transport Trend Mobile Sources – Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing Level N2O Fugitive Sources – Natural Gas and Oil CH4 Natural Gas Scrubbing* - CPS Molve INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES Cement Production Ammonia Production Nitric Acid Production AGRICULTURE Enteric Fermentation Manure Management Direct N2O Emission from Agricultural Soils Indirect N2O Emission from Nitrogen Used in Agr. WASTE Solid Waste Disposal Sites

Uncertainty Analyses, Tier 1 High reliability level (uncertainty: < 10 %) CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion CO2 Emissions from Natural Gas Scrubbing CO2 Emissions from Industrial Processes (Cement and Ammonia Production) Medium reliability level (uncertainty: 10 to 50 %) CH4 Emissions from Fuel Combustion CO2 Emissions from Industrial Processes (Lime Production, Limestone and Dolomite Use, Soda Ash Production and Use, Iron and Steal Production) CH4 Emissions from Industrial Processes (Other Chemical Production) CH4 Emissions from Enteric Fermentation CH4 Emissions from Manure Management N2O Emissions from Industrial Processes (Nitric Acid Production) N2O Emissions from Human Sewage Low reliability level (uncertainty: > 50 %) N2O Emissions from Fuel Combustion CH4 Fugitive Emissions from Oil and Natural Gas HFC Emissions from HFC Consumption N2O Emissions from Manure Management N2O Emissions from Agricultural Soils CH4 Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal Sites According to our conservative assessment, the total uncertainty of GHG emission for 2002 was estimated at 36.1 percent, while the uncertainty of emission trend (1990-2002) was estimated at 6.7 percent.

Major problems Quality of activity data EF

No research projects at the moment in the country that will eventually improve national data Country specific data

Design of new National Inventory System * Establishment of new National Inventory System is in progress.

Thank You for Your Attention!