Chapter 15, Section 1 “Immigration”.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 15, Section 1 “Immigration”

Europeans Flood into the U.S. By 1890s: ½ of immigrants from Europe Reasons for coming to U.S.: plenty of jobs available Avoid forced military service Avoid religious persecution *Immigrants allowed to take money w/ them *offered a chance to break away from Europe’s class system---move to democratic nation

The Atlantic Voyage Immigrants booked passage in steerage Edward Steiner wrote about passage: Crowded Bad smell Slippery/narrow stairways Uncomfortable Bad food

Ellis Island *14-day journey: passengers off at Ellis Island (NY Harbor) *processing center for immigrants on East Coast Immigrants: go through medical exam Coat/shirt marked w/ a code Fail inspection-may be returned to Europe

Ethnic Cities Most immigrants settled in cities Jacob Riis: Danish-born journalist----described NYC as “colorful” w/ many different groups of people “Little Italy” or “Lower East Side”---spoke native languages and re-created their homeland Adapted faster if had more money or settled w/ own ethnic groups

Asian Immigration to America Chinese immigrants crossed Pacific---China not many jobs, poverty, and famine 1848: Discovery of gold in CA 1860s: Construction of Central Pacific Rail Settled in western cities-worked as laborers or servants, merchants, opened own business Japanese increased in # in 1900s 1910: Asian immigrants arrived in San Francisco Jan. 1910: Angel Island opened (barracks)

The Resurgence of Nativism Immigration led to Nativism among Americans Anti-immigrant feelings on Asians, Jews, and eastern Europeans Opposing immigration: Fear of the influx of Catholics would give Catholic Church too much power Immigrants worked for lower wages

Prejudice Against Newcomers Nativism led to anti-immigrant organizations: American Protective Association-founded by Henry Bowers---hated Catholics and foreigners---wanted to stop immigration Workingman’s Party of CA-Denis Kearney---fight Chinese immigration---won seats in CA legislature

Impact of the Anti-Immigrant Movement Chinese Exclusion Act: passed in 1882 Barred Chinese immigration for 10 yrs. Prevented Chinese from becoming citizens Chinese protested law Congress renewed Chinese Exclusion Act in 1892---made permanent in 1902 Act repealed in 1943