1 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Alexey L. Overchuk, Ph.D. Deputy Chief Federal Land Cadastre Service of Russian

2 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Goals of the Land Reform –Sustainable economic growth through development of market tools –Increase of the living standard

3 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Objectives –Breaking up of the state monopoly of land ownership –Introduction of private property in land –Introduction of land market infrastructure –Development of land market infrastructure

4 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Results –Positive Private property institutions introduced Real estate market is starting to develop Large farms restructured Land rent and taxes introduced

5 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Results –Negative Land has not become a value generating capital Large areas of productive land are removed out of farm production Heavy tax burdens and unpredictable rent levels

6 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Conclusions –Land reform has nor achieved targeted goals –Land reform is just halfway through –Need to identify bottlenecks and ways of removing them

7 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Bottlenecks –Handling of land administration Institutional arrangements Incomplete land market support infrastructure Incomplete land privatization Unclear land policy objectives Inadequate regulation of land market

8 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Bottlenecks –Handling of land administration Institutional arrangements –Wide and often unclear duplicating division of responsibility among government agencies –Public and private law functions combined in one agency – Difficult to develop a comprehensive and targeted land policy

9 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Bottlenecks –Handling of land administration Incomplete land market support infrastructure –Land Cadastre – federal system –Registration of buildings – municipal system –Registration of rights regional system –Lack of information exchange –Lack of adequate public access Targets –Unified cadastre –Information exchange between cadastre and register of rights

10 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Bottlenecks –Handling of land administration Incomplete land privatization –Transfer of land plots occupied by private companies into their property »Buy or rent –How much is enough? »All except what is needed for government needs »Is land is a natural resource that has public value other then simply been real estate?

11 Modern Trends in Land Administration: Russian Federation Land Reform Bottlenecks –Handling of land administration Inadequate regulation of land market –Taxation »Land tax »Real estate tax –Removal of administrative barriers »Independent professionals »Licensing »Self regulating organizations »Introduction of zoning mechanisms