Do Now Would you like to live in a place where everyone: Would you like to live in a place where everyone: Is the same? (Homogeneous) Is the same? (Homogeneous) or or Is different? (Heterogeneous) Is different? (Heterogeneous)

What is Diversity? Cultural diversity refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations Cultural diversity refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations Can be a result of natural circumstances (climate, geography) or social circumstances (technology or demographics) Can be a result of natural circumstances (climate, geography) or social circumstances (technology or demographics) Societies can be homogeneous or heterogeneous Societies can be homogeneous or heterogeneous Heterogeneity in the U.S. Heterogeneity in the U.S.

Have you ever been made to feel like an outsider? When societal tensions arise, people may look for others on whom they can place blame or single out persons or groups who are the “outsider”, who do not belong. When societal tensions arise, people may look for others on whom they can place blame or single out persons or groups who are the “outsider”, who do not belong.

Subculture A category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs, values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture. A category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs, values, and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture.

Counterculture A group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and seeks alternative lifestyles A group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and seeks alternative lifestyles

Do Now How should women be treated in today’s society? Why? How should women be treated in today’s society? Why?

Ethnocentrism The practice of judging all other cultures by one’s own culture The practice of judging all other cultures by one’s own culture Based on the assumption that one’s own way of life is superior to all others Based on the assumption that one’s own way of life is superior to all others Can be positive or negative Can be positive or negative

Why might this map be considered ethnocentric?

Cultural Relativism The belief that the behaviors and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture’s own standards The belief that the behaviors and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture’s own standards

If the World Was 100 People How many people would be from major regions of the world? How many people would be from major regions of the world?

If the World Was 100 People How many would speak what languages? How many would speak what languages?

If the World Was 100 People How many would practice what religions? How many would practice what religions?

If the World Was 100 People How many would have what degree of education? How many would have what degree of education?

If the World Was 100 People How many would be malnourished? How many would be malnourished?

If the World Was 100 People How many would have access to clean drinking water? How many would have access to clean drinking water?

Attitudes that hinder the study of culture Ethnocentrism Ethnocentrism Glorification or “Noble Savage Myth” Glorification or “Noble Savage Myth”

Ethnographers Live with, talk to, and observe the society they are studying. This is called field work or participant observation

Ethnography The product created by field work.

Ethnohistorians Study how a particular group of people have changed over time.

Theoretical Orientation This is the anthropologists point of view

Theoretical Orientation Cultural Ecology Cultural Ecology Political Economy Political Economy Sociobiology Sociobiology

Cultural Ecology Look at the relationship between environment and culture. Look at the relationship between environment and culture.

Political Economy Assumes external forces shape the social environment Assumes external forces shape the social environment

Sociobiology Applying natural selection and other biological principals to the study of culture. Applying natural selection and other biological principals to the study of culture.

Exit Ticket What are the dangers of an ethnocentrism view? What are the dangers of an ethnocentrism view?

Homework The UN says that if countries took the money they spent on weapons and spent it on foreign aid, hunger in the world would be eliminated. Why don’t we do that? The UN says that if countries took the money they spent on weapons and spent it on foreign aid, hunger in the world would be eliminated. Why don’t we do that?