Energy.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Energy The ability to cause a change.
Advertisements

Week #8 Quarter 2 (2/2/13- 12/6/13) (calendar site)(calendar site) Monday, 12/2 Have out: Energy Stamp Sheet “Find Someone Who…” Activity Activities/Assignments:
Energy.
ENERGY: What do we remember?. ENERGY Where is energy found and when? Energy is around you all the time What is energy? Ability to do work When work is.
Types of Energy Foldable
Heat and Energy Energy is the ability to do work. Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Work is a transfer.
THE ABILITY TO DO WORK 1. Energy Energy helps us do things. It gives us light. It warms our bodies and homes. It bakes cakes and keeps milk cold. It runs.
Chapter 4 Energy. What you will learn: Definition of energy, different forms of energy. How to calculate kinetic energy. How to calculate gravitational.
Potential and Kinetic Energy
What is Energy  Energy is the ability to cause change. Change in ANYTHING  There are two general types of energy Kinetic energy Potential energy.
The Nature of Energy An unbalanced force must be applied to an object to change its motion. Work is the force over a distance. Energy is the ability to.
ENERGY.
Forms and Transformations
Chapter 15 Energy. Windup Toy xwCUzYuiTdkhttp:// xwCUzYuiTdk.
WORK.
ENERGY and its FORMS (15.1). energy : the ability to do work work: the transfer of energy - energy is transferred by a force moving an object through.
Energy. Energy is the ability to do work – Work is a transfer of energy Energy is measured in joules (J) – 1 joule = work done to move an object 1 meter.
Energy exists in different forms
Energy and Conservation Physics Chapter 5-2 (p ) Chapter 5-3 (p )
Energy What is Energy Energy: The ability to do work or the ability to change and move matter. Without energy, the world could not function. Changes.
“Do right ‘till the stars fall!”
Energy and Energy Resources
Chapter 6:. 1) Energy is a measure of the ability to cause change or to do “work.”
Energy and Energy Resources Chapter 5 Sections 1-3 pages
Energy.
Energy and Energy Resources Carin Miranda Smyrna Middle School Fall 2009.
Forms and Types of Energy Energy: The property of an object that allows it to produce change in the environment or in itself. (The ABILITY to do WORK)
Energy and Energy Resources Sections 1 and 2. What is Energy? The ability to do work Involves motion or position Work occurs when a force causes an object.
Chapter 15 Sections 1-2.  Energy is the ability to do work.  Energy is measured in Joules, just like work.
Energy. The ability to do work and overcome resistance. The ability to cause change.
Energy and energy resources Section 1 What is Energy?
Energy Forms. GEORGIA S8P2 Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of energy –Compare and contrast the different forms of energy.
Forms and Transformations
Jeopardy Energy Mechanical/ Chemical Thermo/ Electro Nuclear Energy Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy.
ENERGY Two main types -- kinetic and potential. KINETIC ENERGY Energy of motion Increases as mass increases Increases as speed increases.
Matter and Energy Section 3.1: Energy exists in different forms
Energy Transfer & Transformations How does energy impact the motion of an object?
Energy: Forms and Changes. Nature of Energy EEnergy is all around you! You can hear energy as sound. You can see energy as light. And you can feel it.
Energy Chapter 15.
Table of Contents What Is Energy? Forms of Energy Energy Transformations and Conservation Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat The Transfer of Heat Energy.
 APRIL 7, 2016 Objective: I CAN.. Analyze Various Types of energy transformation.
EQ – How is life affected by energy? S8CS2 (Habits of Mind) & S8CS8 (Nature of Science) S8P2. Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations.
Energy. KEY CONCEPTS How are energy and work related? What factors does the kinetic energy of an object depend on? How is gravitational potential energy.
1. 2 Work: done ONLY when a force is applied to an object, and the object moves IN THE SAME DIRECTION OF THE APPLIED FORCE Work is calculated by multiplying.
Energy Chapter 15. Science Journal Entry 22 Describe two types of energy (energy sources for humans) and what you believe are the advantages and disadvantages.
Work and Energy. What is WORK? Work is equal to the amount of force it takes for an object to move a distance. Formula: Work = Force X Distance W = F.
Energy Nature of Energy  Energy is all around you! You can hear energy as sound You can see energy as light And you can feel it as wind  You use energy.
P. Sci. Unit 4 Chapter 15 Energy. Energy and Work Whenever work is done, energy is transformed or transferred to another system. Energy is the ability.
Warm Up Explain what happens when an acid & base combine. 1.The type of reaction 2.The products created Agenda Homework 1. Neutralization 2. Salt + water.
Energy  the ability to do work or cause changework  typically expressed in units of joules (J)  can be transferred from one object to another  two.
 Energy= the ability to do work, measure in Joules (J)  Work- the transfer of energy 2 types of energy: 1. kinetic energy 2. potential energy.
ENERGY – is the ability to do work or cause change Work is a transfer of energy. When energy is transferred, the object upon which work is done gains.
Who’s doing work?. Who’s doing work? Work is only done by a force on an object if the force causes the object to move in the direction of the force.
Energy.
examples that align with this definition of work?
Energy.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy Types and Transformation
Chapter 15: Energy Kinetic & Potential energy
Energy and Its Forms 15.1 pg
The ability to cause change
Physical Science Chapter 3
Energy.
Physical Science Unit 3-5
Energy.
Energy and Work How are energy and work related?
Chapter 15 Energy.
Warm up 11/10/16 In composition book
Shooting Rubber Bands Overview
P. Sci. Unit 4 Chapter 15 Energy.
Presentation transcript:

Energy

Energy the ability to do work or cause change typically expressed in units of joules (J) can be transferred from one object to another two general types: Potential Kinetic

Potential Energy (PE) stored energy that an object has due to its position or chemical composition Types: Gravitational – results from vertical position or height Formula: PE = mgh Elastic – results from stretching or compressing 0.45 kg Which soccer ball has more gravitational potential energy? Explain your reasoning. The types listed are not all-inclusive

Kinetic Energy (KE) energy of motion depends on mass and velocity Formula: KE = ½ mv2 increases as mass or velocity increases and decreases as mass or velocity decreases What is the difference between speed and velocity? 2 m/s 3 m/s 0.45 kg Which soccer ball has more kinetic energy? Explain your reasoning.

Relationship Between PE and KE What is happening to the PE and KE as the soccer ball falls to the feet of the mid-fielder? PE KE What about the PE/KE graph could be considered misleading?

Practice Problems A diver weighing 46 kg is preparing for a dive from the 10 meter diving platform. How much gravitational potential energy does the diver have? A cheetah weighing approximately 50 kg was seen chasing a gazelle at a speed of 32.4 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the cheetah? PE = mgh Earth’s Gravity P.E. = (46 kg) (9.8 m/s2) (10 m) = 4,508 J KE = 1mv2 2 (1)_____________ 2 (50 kg) (32.4 m/s)2 K.E. = = 26,244 J

Forms of Energy Mechanical Sound Chemical Thermal Electromagnetic Nuclear

Mechanical Energy energy that moves objects the total energy of motion and position of an object may be in the form of potential energy, kinetic energy, or both Example: If a student were to lift and/or drop a stack of textbooks, mechanical energy would be involved http://www.columbiastate.edu/HSS-Textbook-Information What are some other examples of mechanical energy?

Sound Energy an example of mechanical energy that results from the vibration of particles in a solid, liquid, or gas can be impacted by temperature and pressure must have a medium (usually air) to travel through - cannot travel through empty space sound in a vacuum This person is listening to someone telling a secret. How are the sound waves being generated?

Chemical Energy type of potential energy stored in the chemical composition of matter depends on the types and arrangement of atoms in a substance i.e. A bond between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen (H-O) atom will release more energy than one between two carbon atoms (C-C) C H O HO OH ≈464,000 J ≈347,000 J Glucose What are some examples of chemical energy?

has more thermal energy? Why? results from the movement (kinetic energy) of particles in matter when particles move faster, they have more thermal energy than when they move slower particles of a substance that are farther apart have more thermal energy than if they were closer together depends on the number of particles in a substance Which box of particles has more thermal energy? Why?

Electromagnetic Energy transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves light, electricity, and magnetism are representative of electromagnetic energy can travel through empty space Image taken from: http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~imamura/122/lecture-2/em.html

Nuclear Energy found in the nucleus of an atom is released when an atom’s nucleus breaks apart (fission) or when the nuclei of two atoms come together (fusion) Example: Nuclear fission takes place in a nuclear power plant while nuclear fusion takes place in the Sun. + + Is nuclear fission or nuclear fusion taking place? Explain your reasoning. Deuterium Tritium + helium neutron

Identify the Form of Energy Thermal (burner increases movement of H2O molecules) Mechanical (moving gears) Electromagnetic (radio waves) Chemical (food) Electromagnetic (electricity)

Energy Conversions a change from one form of energy into another energy can be converted into any other form and is often converted into more than one form most of the wasted or unwanted energy in a conversion is attributed to heat (friction) Example Electromagnetic energy (in the form of light) from the Sun is converted, by plants, into chemical energy in the form of glucose 6CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 light energy Light Energy CO2 H2O O2 What is an example of an energy conversion you have experienced in your own life? C6H12O6

Identify the Energy Conversions 2. Electromagnetic Energy (electricity moving through the wires) Wires The apparatus to the right was placed into a bell jar. What energy conversions take place when it is operating? Battery Buzzer 1. Chemical energy (in the battery) 3. Sound Energy (noise coming from the buzzer)

Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed the total amount of energy in a closed system is the same energy can be changed from one form to another, but all of the different forms of energy add up to the same total amount of energy PE = 24 J KE = 0 J PE = KE = 12 J 12 J A seagull steals a sandwich and drops it from a height of 7 m before eating it. What would be the sandwich’s approximate PE and KE as it falls to the ground if air resistance is negligible? PE = KE = 0 J 24 J

Efficiency = energy output x 100 Energy Efficiency comparison of the amount of energy before a conversion with the amount of useful energy after a conversion the closer the energy (work) output is to the energy (work) input, the more efficient the conversion is more efficient conversions  less waste Formula: Sample Problem A particular cell phone charger uses 4.83 joules per second when plugged into an outlet, but only 1.31 joules per second actually goes into the cell phone battery. The remaining joules are lost as heat. That’s why the battery feels warm after it has been charging for a while. How efficient is the charger? 1.31 J = ____ x 100 Efficiency = energy output x 100 energy input 4.83 J = 27.1% Sample Problem taken from: http://www.cposcience.com/home/Portals/2/Media/post_sale_content/PHY2/Ancillaries/SkillSheets/Unit_4/11.1_Efficiency.pdf

Work Occurs when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force Typically Expressed in units of joules (J) Formula: W = F x d What are some examples that align with this definition of work? Sample Problem Mr. Jones’s class of students applied 10,000 N of force to a wall in an attempt to move it. Needless to say, the students were too weak and the wall did not budge (0 m). How much work did the students perform in their failing effort? W = (F)(d) = (10,000N) (0 m) = 0 J