EPCglobal Training Suite Introduction
What is RFID? Radio Frequency IDentification Contactless communication between objects Communication by reflected power Can identify objects in communication range
History of RFID World War II (1939~1950) Oct. 1948 1960 ~ 1970 IFF (Identity:Friend or Foe) used in U.K. Air Force Oct. 1948 “Communication by Means of Reflected Power” proposed by Harry Stockman (Senior of the Institute of Radio Engineers) 1960 ~ 1970 First RFID business application “Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS)” published
History of RFID 1990 ~ 2000 2000 ~ present The organization EPCglobal is set up by EAN and UCC to achieve worldwide adoption and standardization of Electronic Product Code (EPC) technology 2000 ~ present Wal-Mart uses RFID techniques for tracking goods in supply chain RFID techniques are used in open system
RFID Components Tag The data carrier that can attach to goods, pallets, containers or be carried by people Composed by silicon chip and antenna Usually communicate with Reader passively
RFID Components Interrogator (Reader) Send radio frequency signal to activate Tags and to communicate with Tags The device for reading, writing or doing other operations with tags
Classification of Radio Frequency Low Frequency (LF) 125KHz, 135KHz are used Lower interference by metal and water Lower reading range Lower data transmit rate High Frequency (HF) 13.56MHz is used Higher data transmit rate than LF Capable for reading multiple tags at a time
Classification of Radio Frequency Ultra High Frequency (UHF) 433MHz, 860~960MHz are used Lower antenna implement cost High reading range High data transmit rate High interference by metal and water Microwave (MV) 2.45 GHz is used Highest reading range No standardized
Classification of Radio Frequency Lower Frequency High Frequency Ultra High Frequency Microwave Frequency 10KHz ~ 1MHz 1MHz ~ 400MHz 400MHz ~ 1GHz 1GHz or above Reading Range 0 ~ 3 cm 1 ~ 15 cm 1 ~ 600 cm Hundred meters Transmit Rate Low High Metal/Water Interference No Yes Multiple Tags Reading Standardized
Classification of Tag Capability Passive Tag Activated by Reader Low cost and communication range Semi-Passive Tag Built-in battery but communicating passively Higher communication range and data transmit rate Active Tag Built-in battery and communicating actively Highest communication range and data transmit rate
Pros and Cons of RFID Pros Cons Larger data storage space, and data is editable Read multiple Tags at same time. Higher efficiency Tag can encapsulate to protect environment impact Cons Higher cost Easy influenced by water, metal, and environment conditions
Basic Applications Electronic Payment System Easy Card (悠遊卡) I Card (一卡通) Octopus (八達通)
Basic Applications Access Control System
Advanced Application Warehouse Management
Advanced Application Supply Chain Management