JOB ANALYSIS

Job Analysis: A Basic Human Resource Tool

Studying and under-standing jobs through the process known as job analysis is a vital part of any HRM program.

Job Analysis Knowing Who Does What?

Purposes of the job Analysis

Major duties or activities required Conditions under which the job is performed

What Is a Job?

Effort directed toward producing or accomplishing results Work Effort directed toward producing or accomplishing results

A distinct, identifiable work activity composed of motions Task A distinct, identifiable work activity composed of motions

Duty A larger work segment composed of several tasks that are performed by an individual.

An obligation to perform certain tasks and duties. Responsibility An obligation to perform certain tasks and duties.

Set of tasks and duties performed by single individual Position Set of tasks and duties performed by single individual

Job Group of positions that are identical with respect to their major significant tasks and sufficiently alike to be covered by single analysis

Occupation General class of jobs

Sequence of jobs held by individual throughout lifetime Career Sequence of jobs held by individual throughout lifetime

Job Description Written narrative describing activities performed on a job; includes info about equipment used and working conditions.

Other Important Job Analysis Terms Job Specification Identifies major job responsibilities; outlines specific KSA, and other physical and personal characteristics necessary to perform a job.

Job Grouping of tasks, duties, & responsibilities that constitutes the total work assignment for employees

A job is a set of closely related activities carried out for pay

Job Analysis Defined

Job Analysis is the SYSTEMATIC process of collecting and making judgments about all the important information related to a job. 6

This Analysis Includes

Identifying tasks/duties performed Identifying Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSAs) required to perform those tasks 7

Reasons For Conducting Job Analysis

Staffing Training and Development Compensation and Benefits

Safety and Health Employee and Labor Relations Legal Considerations

Types of Job Analysis Information

Work activities Worker-oriented activities Machines, tools, equipment, and work aids used

Job-related tangibles and intangibles Work performance Job content Personal requirements for the job

Questions Job Analysis Should Answer

What physical and mental tasks does the worker accomplish? When does the job have to be completed? Where is the job to be accomplished?

How does the worker do the job? Why is the job done? What qualifications are needed to perform the job?

Job Analysis Decisions

What type of information will be collected? How will the information be collected? How will the information be recorded or documented?

When Job analysis Is performed

When the organization is founded When new jobs are created

When jobs are changed significantly as a result of new technologies, methods, procedures, or systems

Uses of Job Analysis

Job Analysis Equal Employment Selection HR Planning Recruitment HR Research HR Development Job Analysis Employee & Labor Relations Safety & Health Compensation & Benefits Performance Appraisal

Importance of Job Analysis

Provide realistic job information's regarding duties, working conditions, and requirements Identifies relationships between supervisors and subordinates

Defines duties and related tasks Time required to perform duties

Basis for training, career planning, and career development Help to determine the worth/pay

Strategic Importance of Job Analysis

Change in people skills required Change in way the organization operates Results in Job descriptions Job specifications Change in organization’s strategic goals Change in people skills required

Steps in Job Analysis

Develop job description/ specification Step 6 Review information with incumbents Step 5 Step 4 Collect data to analyze job Step 3 Select representative positions to analyse Step 2 Review background information Step 1 Identify how information will be used

Job Analysis Information

Job Context Job Content Worker Requirements plant assembly line knowledge, skills, abilities Job Context plant assembly line Job Content assemble boxes

Job analysis outcomes

Job description Job specification Job evaluation