Unit: New Imperialism Topic: Japan

1. Open Up, Japan!

Under the Tokugawa Shogunate, Japan had been “closed” to all trade from 1603 due to negative Western influences.

In the early 19th century, the West wanted Japan to open its ports to trade, but Japan said NO!

In 1853, U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry entered Tokyo Harbor with four black warships to intimidate Japan into trading with the West.

In the Treaty of Kanagawa, Japan opened two ports to the U. S In the Treaty of Kanagawa, Japan opened two ports to the U.S.; by 1860, Japan had granted ALL foreigners access to ALL ports.

2. The Meiji Restoration (MR) 1868-1912

Under the Meiji emperor, Japan realized that they had to modernize (“Westernize”) in order to gain more raw materials AND power!

They sent reps. and students to the West in order to learn new technology.

This was a major turning point in Japanese history – the Meiji reformers wanted to strengthen Japan through modernization!

Western-style Government! In 1889, the Meiji Constitution was created, making all equal before the law and creating a legislature – the Diet. Western-style Government!

As Japan’s power grew under the Meiji Restoration, so did the desire for colonies for raw materials.

Start here in your notes! 3. Japanese Imperialism! October 28, 2011

Japan SERIOUSLY needed natural resources in after the Meiji Restoration, so they wanted to build an empire!

In June 1894, the Sino-Japanese War was fought over the Chinese invasion of Korea; Japan gained Taiwan in the peace treaty.

In the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), Japan and Russia fought over Manchuria; in the Treaty of Portsmouth Russia was forced to leave Manchuria and stay out of Korea.

JAPAN KOREA 100 miles

In 1910, Japan annexed Korea, or brought it under Japanese control.

4. Japanese Rule of Korea Encouraged Japanese businessmen to start industries in Korea, but forbade Korean businesses Shut down Korean newspapers Took over Korean schools Replaced study of Korean language and history with Japanese Took land away from Korean farmers and gave it to Japanese settlers