Operating systém GNU Linux

History First computers –WW II The Bomb (Alan Turing) Colosus (Thomas Flowers)

History ENIAC 1946 (US Army)

History 1936: Z1-Z3 Computers (Konrad Zuse, Germany) Destroyd 1944

Jobs system Languages of Symbolic Adreses (Assembler) UNIVAC (1. commercial product)

Early computers with Operating systems –MFT (IBM,1962) –Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computing servicies, Bell laboratories, 1964)

UNIX 1969 Ken Thompsen, Dennis Ritchie (Bell Laboratories, AT&T) Computer game Space Travel –Multitasking –Multiuser –Written in Hight Programming Language (C) –File system

History of UNIX

LINUX 1991 (Linux Thorvald) Linux Distribution –Debian, Fedora, Red Hat,… GNU Linux SLAX

PC Operation Systems 1981 MS DOS 1985 MS Windows –….

Architecture of OS

Shell Application sw for communication between user and OS kernel –Bourne shell (bs) –Borne again shell (bash) –C shell (csh) –… –Secure shell (ssh)

Bourne again shell GNU shell used in various distribution of GNU Linux UNIX compatible

File system ls –ls –l pwd cd rm,cp,mv type more

Linux file system bin --- basic executable files boot --- start szstem files etc --- tables home --- home directories of users lib --- libraries mnt --- mounted devicies usr --- applications

Redirection of input, output echo “Hello friends” echo “Hello friends” >file type file type file, file > file type file | more mail

Rules of acces rwxrwxrwx rwxr- -r-- chmod chown

Processes ps ps –aux while 1 do echo ”hallo” while 1 do echo ”hallo” > file & running on background kill PID

Users /etc/passwd adduser

Exercise Create new user with your login name Create user vanicek Create file with a greeting Send this file by mail to user vanicek Set rights to this file to everyone Start a process iteratively sending an greeting to user vanicek Stop this process