Vocabulary

Formal region

Mercator Projection

Emigration

Environmental Determinism

Intervening Obstacles

Creolized language

Apartheid

Formal Region A uniform region An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

Mercator Projection Preserves direction; distorts at the poles

Emigration Migration from a location

Environmental Determinism The physical environment causes social development

Intervening Obstacles A physical feature which hinders migration

Creolized language A mix of indigenous and colonial languages (a pidgin language that became a written down language)

Apartheid The geographic separation of races in South Africa

Theories

Thomas Malthus’ Theory

Von Thunen Theory

Boserup Theory

Weber’s Least Cost Theory

Bid-Rent Curve

Rostow’s Development Model

Gravity Model

Thomas Malthus’ Theory The world’s rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies

Von Thunen Theory Emphasizes transportation cost in this model of agricultural land use From the center: city, horticulture & dairy, forestry, crop rotation, grazing

Boserup Theory Population determines agricultural methods Food supply is adapted by farmers to meet the changing population

Weber’s Least Cost Theory Cost of transportation determined by weight of the good and distance to the market

Bid-rent curve Land decreases in value as one gets farther from the CBD Intersections at major roads leading to the CBD can increase in land values

Rostow’s Development Model The traditional society The preconditions for takeoff The take off The drive to maturity The age of mass consumption

Gravity Model The potential use of a service at is location is related directly to population and inversely to distance

More Vocabulary

Density

Site

Relocation diffusion

Sino-Tibetan

Ethnic religion

Southwest Asia

Balkanization

Density The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

Site The physical character of a place Examples—climate, water, soil, vegetation, latitude, elevation

Relocation Diffusion The spread of a feature/trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another Examples: Amish, economic development through international trade, folk culture

Sino-Tibetan Second largest language family after Indo-European

Ethnic religion Religion that appeals mostly to one group of people in one place

Southwest Asia Where the world’s three major monotheistic religions originated

Balkanization Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

Other Stuff

Scale

Physiological Density

Sovereignty

Nation-State

Transhumance

Intensive Subsistance Farming

Quinary sector

Scale Relationship between the portion of the Earth being studied and the Earth as a whole Large Scale=city Small Scale=continent

Physiological Density Number of people per area suitable for agriculture

Sovereignty Self-governing; internal affairs not controlled by other states

Nation-State A State whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

Transhumance Seasonal movement from highlands to lowland pastures

Intensive Subsistance Farming Great effort to produce enough food to feed yourself Most practice type of agriculture in the world

Quinary Sector High level decision making jobs in the quaternary sector

Miscellaneous Hodge-podge

Four Asian Tigers

Break-of-Bulk Point

Megalopolis

Primate City

Edge City

Gentrification

Swidden

Four Asian Tigers a.k.a. “Four Asian Dragons” or “Four Economic Tigers” Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan First countries to adopt the international trade alternatives

Break-of-Bulk Point Where a company which uses more than one mode of transportation will locate Examples: Seaports and airports

Megalopolis When adjacent metropolitan statistical areas overlap Examples: Boston to Washington, DC; Los Angeles to Tijuana, Tokyo to Yokahama, Chicago to Pittsburg

Primate City An urban center that is disproportionately larger than the second largest city in a country Dominates country’s social, political, and economic activities

Edge City Originated as suburban residents for central city workers then shopping malls, etc. where built in the area Near the interstate

Gentrification Distressed inner city neighborhoods are refurbished

Swidden A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning