Unit 1 Great scientists

John Snow defeats “king cholera” What can you learn from the title? 人物： 事件： defeats cholera

John Snow 约翰.斯诺(1813 ~ 1858), 英国麻醉学家、 流行病专家。他首次提出了 预防霍乱的措施。1854年, 伦敦霍乱流行, 斯诺通过研究 霍乱病死者的日常生活情况, 寻找到他们的共同行为模式, 发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的 关系, 由于及时切断了二者 的联系, 有效制止了霍乱的 流行。

Name of illness cholera (霍乱) Symptom(症状) severe vomiting (呕吐) and diarrhoea (腹泻) ['vɔmit] [daiə'riə] effect(后果) die quickly from a loss of liquid What was the cause of this illness? How did John Snow find it out?

Reading Comprehension II Skimming Reading Comprehension II What’s the main idea of the passage? A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of cholera and defeated it.

Fast—reading: Read the passage quickly and find the number below and the relevant happenings in the passage.

Two theories In 1854 500 The first suggested that…multiplied in the air; The second suggested… absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. Another outbreak hit London. More than 500 people had died in 10 days.

16, 37, 38 and 40 20, 21; 8, 9 7 These numbers in Broad Street 8, 9 7 These numbers in Broad Street near the water pump had many of the deaths 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street had no deaths…. They didn’t drink the water from the Broad Street pump. These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.

Many deaths happened here. What method did he use? Broad Street Public house Many deaths happened here. A map of Broad Street No death happened here. It seemed the water from the pump was to blame. What did he do next?

Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened. ___ John Snow began to test two theories. ___ An outbreak of cholera hit London in1854. ___ John Snow marked the deaths on a map. ___ He announced that the water carried the disease. ___ John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe. ___ King Cholera was defeated. ___ He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump. ___ He had the handle removed from the water pump. Answer: 2 1 4 7 3 8 5 6

Summary John Snow was a well-known ______ in London in the _____ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ______ out, he began to gather information. doctor 19th cause defeat broke

He _________ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _______ of all water supply be __________ and new methods of ________ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated. marked pump source examined dealing

Discussion Drink boiled water Wash hands often What should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera? Keep away from flies choose fresh sea food Keep the kitchen clean Cook raw food thoroughly Dispose rubbish properly. Heal the food left overnight