Semantic Interoperability and Retrieval Paradigms Paradigms and conceptual systems in KO February 23, 2010 – February 26, 2010 Prof. Winfried Gödert Felix Boteram Jessica Hubrich

2 Retrieval  Focussed search  Expansion  Exploration

3  Classifications  Thesauri  Semantic networks  Ontologies Knowledge organization systems Retrieval

Interoperability 4 Knowledge organization systems Retrieval  Technical  Structural  Semantic

Semantic interoperability 5

Semantic interoperability 6 Retrieval

7 Aims  Strategies for retrieval and exploration in distributed systems  Integration of structurally and typologically different systems  Overall system consisting of an ontological spine and attached satellites Features  Simple hierarchical core system  Detailed bilateral mappings  Expressive multidimensional definition of intersystem and interconcept relations  Shared inventory of standard relations Overall model for semantic interoperability

8 SW SWD SW LCSH SW Rameau SW S Syn. SW L Syn. SW L SW R Syn. SW S SW xy Syn. SW xy SW R SW L Localized semantic networks with typed relations as link to the ontological spine Core System*) Syn. Possible extensions with satellites

9 Retrieval paradigms Simple pattern matching Thematic exploration Conceptual queryConceptual exploration „TREE“

10 Levels of interoperability Basic interoperability Conceptual interoperability Enhanced conceptual interoperability „TREE“

11 Features  Easy implementation  No indexing languages required  Limited access and limited search functionalities  No modification / expansion possible Methods  Mapping on word level  Unspecified one-to-one equivalences represented in a simple cross-concordance. Basic interoperability Simple pattern matching „TREE“

12 Basic interoperability Simple pattern matching

13 Features  Focus on the conceptual level  Multiple access points via synonyms  Structural transparency  Simple expansion strategies Methods  Mapping concepts independently from their actual representation in the various indexing languages.  Structural and typological differences should be taken into account. Conceptual interoperability Conceptual query

14 Conceptual interoperability Conceptual query

15 Features  Modification / expansion of queries  Conceptual exploration of a knowledge field  Query-clarification as a useful pre-search mechanism Requirements  Various types of expressive semantic relations have to be specified in great detail.  Well-structured relational inventories  Control- and selection-mechanisms to handle the complexity of the relational structure Enhanced conceptual interoperability Conceptual exploration

16 Methods  Differentiated conceptual mappings  Interpretation of the semantically enhanced relational structure  Relations between concepts have to be specified Enhanced conceptual interoperability Conceptual exploration

17 Enhanced conceptual interoperability Conceptual exploration

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21 SW SWD SW LCSH SW Rameau SW S Syn. SW L Syn. SW L SW R Syn. SW S SW xy Syn. SW xy SW R SW L Localized semantic networks with typed relations as link to the ontological spine Core System*) Syn. Possible extensions with satellites

Thank you for your attention Prof. Winfried Gödert Felix Boteram Jessica Hubrich Institute of Information Management (IIM) Cologne University of Applied Sciences