Chapter 4: The Exchange of Ideas Social Studies 8 Chapter 4: The Exchange of Ideas

The Exchange of Ideas Our primary Inquiry Question is: How did the Renaissance spark the growth and exchange of ideas across Europe?

The Exchange of Ideas Read about Galileo on page 79 (light blue area). Why was Galileo sentenced to house arrest? With which elements of the worldview icon did Galileo’s knowledge conflict?

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The Exchange of Ideas Examine the painting on page 78 What does Galileo’s experience tell us about how difficult it is to change a worldview?

Science: A New Way of Seeing How can discoveries in the sciences change people’s worldview?

Here is an awesome ‘scientific’ discovery: you can go down the stairs incredibly quicker if you sit in a laundry basket.

Science: A New Way of Seeing The scientific method Attitudes toward science changed during the Renaissance Humanism and individualism encouraged people to experiment and question

Science: A New Way of Seeing Read the quote by Leonardo da Vinci on page 80 What is da Vinci encouraging us to do? Why?

Leonardo da Vinci “We must consult experience in the variety of cases and circumstances until we can draw from them a general rule that is contained in them. And for what purposes are these rules good? They lead us to further investigations of nature and to creations of art.”

Science: A New Way of Seeing The process of making observations, experimenting, and drawing conclusions based on evidence is known as the scientific method. This process led to many new discoveries during the Renaissance.

Science: A New Way of Seeing Examine figure 4-3 on page 80 Why is this scientific method so effective?

Science: A New Way of Seeing Does the scientific process force us to think in certain ‘constructed’ ways? Can you think of any issues about only thinking in this rationale?

Science: A New Way of Seeing Astronomy For thousands of years before the Renaissance people believed the sun revolved around the earth. See figure 4-7 on page 81 Europeans believed God put the Earth in the centre of the universe.

Science: A New Way of Seeing Galileo and others discovered that the earth actually revolved around the sun. Examine figure 4-8 on page 81 This threatened the worldview of the time

Albert Einstein (1941) “Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind” What does this quote make you think about?

Science: A New Way of Seeing Medicine Read the first paragraph on page 82. What does this prescription for treating wounds indicate about Medieval medicine?

Science: A New Way of Seeing At the beginning of the Renaissance people relied on “natural” cures like the First Nations. During the Renaissance medical knowledge grew as people became more educated.

First Nation’s Attitudes Rely on the wisdom of elders Use the medicinal power of plants Focus on the spiritual, emotional and physical self Medicine women/men help to establish harmony between people and nature

Science: A New Way of Seeing Most medical advances were made in the study of anatomy because dissection was made legal in many cities for the first time.

Genetically Modified (GM) Food Turn to page 85 and read the section Idea of producing plants that have desirable characteristics We are eating chemically enhanced foods that are affecting our health

Science: A New Way of Seeing Mathematics Many Renaissance thinkers saw mathematics as the basic tool for understanding the universe. Turn to page 87 and read about perspective.

Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 – 1446 The first Renaissance architect Rediscovered the mathematical theory of perspective He used perspective drawings to show how the buildings would look like when completed