Direct Photon HBT and future perspectives for dileptons in STAR Evan Finch-Yale University RHIC-AGS Users’ Meeting 2008
Direct Photon HBT: The Basics Direct Photons: probe all stages of collision and are sensitive to temperature evolution (though not trivially), but are swamped at low p T by (mostly π 0 ) decay photons. HBT: measurable correlations will exist only between direct photons (decay photon source is ~10 7 times larger) and are sensitive to source size evolution. “The Dream”: d.o.f. ε / T 4 But, a measurement is very challenging Statistically λ≈½(N γdirect / N γdecay ) 2 ~10 -3 and phase space considerations hurt as p T increases Systematically Without very good momentum resolution, π 0 peak can be hard to separate; other correlations to worry about
Calculations of radii vs. p T
D. Peressounko, PRC 67, (2003) T. Renk, PRC 71, (2005) D. K. Srivastava, PRC 67, (2005) Comparison of different models’ radii evolution versus p T
Curious γ correlations at RHIC… STAR Au-Au (200 GeV) with TPC-EMC (G. Lin) STAR Au-Au (62 GeV) with EMC-EMC (D. Das) PHENIX (200GeV/c) D. Peressounko
Adding a (retractable) 0.1 radiation length cylinder of lead at r~42 cm (just inside the TPC inner field cage) to increase the number of photon conversions. A 1-week ‘test’ run in this configuration may give an initial (1-D) measurement of low-p T photon HBT. It would also give improved low-p T measurements of π 0, η, and help understand these previous measurements. Assuming the test run is successful, we would plan to follow with a longer run to push the measurement higher in p T. Under Consideration by STAR
Simple model to estimate sensitivity We assume this temperature evolution with time. Every piece of matter emits photons with Boltzmann p T spectrum corresponding to temperature at its proper time. Longitudinal Bjorken expansion. There is no transverse expansion (for simplicity). Also add π 0 background, noise in calorimeter, realistic tracking efficiencies for converter photons.
Simple model to estimate sensitivity Radii vs. time in our simple model…
“Expected” Signal from 1 week test run Note: where are π 0 s?
Low-p T η measurement from converter ‘test’ run Importance: Large enhancement of low p T η,η’ possible depending on details of U A (1) restoration. We expect to be able to measure the η yield to roughly 20%, (η enhancement of order 1 is suggested by Kapusta et.al., PRD 53,5028 (1996)). From 20 million SIMULATED central events assuming ‘thermal’ production and with a pessimistic tracking quality assumption.
Pushing to higher pT… If the ‘test’ run is a success, we may proceed with a longer run with converter present. Of course, the data volume increases substantially with increased pT and this will prove challenging. Using these same rough assumptions, the events needed are… 3-D & pT < 300 MeV350 million events 3-D & (300 < pT < 600) MeV800 million events 3-D & pT > 600 MeV20 billion events Turbide et. al., PRC 69, (2004) D. d’Enterria and D. Peressounko, Eur Phys J. C46, 451 (2006)
Switching gears to dileptons…
STAR Time Of Flight Run 9: 50-75% coverage Run 10: full coverage
STAR e + e - with Time Of Flight With 50% TOF coverage, and using TPC to reject some dalitz daughters, we expect that signal/background around the φ mass will be ~1/20. This would imply a measurement of φ ee good to 10% with about 60M events and a low mass dilepton measurement from the next AuAu run that is of similar significance to PHENIX run 4 results.
STAR Heavy Flavor Tracker For dileptons: HFT reduces background from γ conversions in material and heavy flavor decays. ~Run 12: partial ~Run 13: full
With HFT and TOF… HFT: ~Run 12: partial ~Run 13: full
Muon Telescope Detector π MTD p T (GeV) Muon Detection efficiency
Muon Telescope Detector pKπ Detection efficiency p T (GeV)
Summary Photon HBT measurements, if possible, are capable of giving a unique probe into the temperature, size development of collisions system. STAR is considering a 1-week ‘test’ run with a photon converter in the ‘near’ future to attempt an initial photon HBT measurement + other soft photon physics. For the next AuAu run, STAR will have partial TOF, and a first look a the low mass dilepton spectrum. With the HFT added, STAR will have excellent dilepton capabilities.