CROSS-COUNTRY Pipeline Route Selection MGIS CAPSTONE PROPOSAL CROSS-COUNTRY Pipeline Route Selection Mitigating “Costs” for Early Concept Development By: Geoff Price Advisor: Dr. Todd Bacastow June 22, 2009

Overview Problem Statement Old Way, New Way Route Influences Least-Cost Path Model Builder Inserting Real Cost Research Q & A

Problem Select alignment alternatives for optimal cross-country pipeline construction that meet project requirements. Summarize alignment alternatives to facilitate real dollar cost estimation for early concept development (+/- 50%) B Where? & A How Much?

Old Problem, Old Solution The Manual Method Small Scale Paper Maps (USGS, DOE, State Regulatory Dept, etc…) Hand Delineation Terrain Evaluation from Aerial Photographs

Old Problem, New Solution The GIS Method Digital Maps Spatial Database (retrieval & storage) Data Manipulation Data Conversion Raster Analysis (Map Algebra, LCP, etc.) Used properly, GIS methods are faster, more efficient, more comprehensive, and less expensive than traditional methods.

Route Influences Engineering/Cost Biophysical Socioeconomic

What is Least-Cost Path? COST SURFACE LEAST-COST SURFACE LEAST-COST PATH (VECTOR) Land Cover COST SURFACE COST SURFACE LEAST-COST Surface LEAST-COST PATH (VECTOR) + = Land Cover Terrain-Slope

Cost-Weighted Surface Influence LEAST-COST/WEIGHTED * .60 = Land Cover + = * .40 = Terrain-Slope

LCP & Model Builder LEAST COST PATH

LCP Results

Inserting Dollar Costs Pipe Summary Length Geometry Crossing Report Type Subtype Frequency Productivity PF TF GF Construction Summary Labor Crew Equipment Cost Estimate Spread Sheet GIS Cost Estimating Manual

Cost Estimating Manual Productivity Factors General Economy Project Supervision Labor Conditions Equipment Weather Terrain Factor Terrain-Slope Geology Factor Rock Type TF PF Pipeline Length Expected Linear Feet Per 10 Hour Day GF

Cost Estimating Manual cont… Pipeline Layout (Survey) Labor Crews Equipment Spread Clearing & Grading ROW Ditching & Trenching Cleaning & Testing Clean Up Restoration of ROW Summarize Construction Activities

Research What are pipeline route selection rules of thumb? (i.e., Engineering, Biophysical, & Socioeconomic). Is there a favorable standard to apply relative “costs” to individual layers? (i.e.., 1,2,3,4 -OR- 1,3,6,9 -OR- other). Identify a process for determining costs & weights. (i.e., Delphi Method, Analytical Hierarchy Process, etc…) Identify benchmark candidate(s) for calibrating LCP and inserting real cost. Using Cost Estimating Manual For Pipelines to quantify labor/equipment estimates and develop a +/-50% cost estimate for route alternatives.

Research Time Line Aug/Sept Rules of thumb Cost Standards Decision Support Techniques Identify Benchmark Process Def. (Model & Spreadsheet) Calibrate/Re-Run Document Findings Aug/Sept

Questions?

References: Delavar, M.R., 2003, Pipeline Routing Using Geospatial Information System Analysis, ScanGIS'2003 - The 9th Scandinavian Research Conference on Geographical Information Science, 4-6 June 2003, Espoo, Finland – Proceedings, pp. 203-213. Mollard, J.D., Penner, Lyncen., Zimmer, Troy., 2008, Pipeline Geo-Environmental Design and Geohazard Management. Chapter 2 Pipeline Route Selection pp. 5-69 Page, S. John, Cost Estimating Manual for Pipelines and Marine Structures, 3rd Ed. 2000. Section 1, pp 1-65.