A.Two types of digestion 1. Chemical accomplished by enzymatic breakage of chemical bonds, resulting in carbs, lipids, proteins becoming monomers again.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Lab Ex. 49 & 50 Organs of the Digestive System
Advertisements

Chapter 25,26,27 Digestion and Nutrition General Characteristics of the Alimentary Canal Approximately 27 feet Structure of the wall –
The Digestive System The organs of the digestive system can be separated into two groups The alimentary canal or gastrointestinal tract – perform all.
Ingestion Propulsion = movement Muscle tissue
Anatomy Practical [PHL 212]
Digestive System.
Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Ingestion Digestion Absorption Compaction Defecation.
Digestive System.
The Digestive System. Functions of the Digestive System  Ingest food  Break down food Digestion  Physical  Chemical  Absorb nutrients  Eliminate.
Chapter 21a The Digestive System. About this Chapter Digestion function and processes Anatomy of the digestive system Motility Secretion Regulation of.
Digestive System Chapter 18.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11
Chapter 17: The Digestive System
Major structures involved. STRUCTURES  MAIN ORGANS  Mouth  Pharynx  Esophagus  Stomach  Small Intestine  DUODENUM  JEJUNUM  ILEUM  Large Intestine/Colon.
Digestive System Cat, Histology and Models
Overview of the Digestive System
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides – Seventh Edition.
The Digestive System.
Chapter 16 – digestive system
Gastrointestinal System
Figure 14.1  The human digestive system: Alimentary canal and accessory organs. (Spleen)
Objective: You will be able to identify the structures of the digestive system. Do Now: Read all of page 978 Give the function of the digestive system.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Digestive System  Digestion  _________________ of ingested food  _______________.
Human Anatomy, 3rd edition
The Digestive System Food, Glorious Food!. Functions Take in food  ingestion Physical & chemical break down of food  digestion Absorption of nutrients.
The DIGESTIVE System.
Most animals ingest chunks of food
Digestive System 1. Digestive system 2 Food Intake - Ingestion
Digestive System.
Digestive System.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Digestive System  The digestive system is arranged as a series of organs along a tube called the gastrointestinal.
Pharynx (throat) Salivary Oral cavity glands (mouth) Esophagus Stomach
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
Digestive System Learning Targets Trace the path of food in the digestive tract & describe the general structure & function of each organ mentioned.
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
Chapter 18 Digestive System.
DIGESTION.
Nutrition and the Digestive System
Human Anatomy, 3rd edition Prentice Hall, © 2001 Gastro-intestinal tract.
Anatomy of the Digestive System u Functions of the Digestive System u Organs of the GI Tract u Layers of the GI Tract u Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of.
Chapter 17 The Digestive System. Alimentary canal aka GI tract Extends from mouth to anus –9 m (29 feet) Functions: –Digestion –Absorption –Metabolism.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Digestive System and Body Metabolism Premedical Biology.
General anatomy of the Digestive System
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CHAPTER 25 atch?v=9FEACJ-cXsY.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Chapter 6 Human Structure and Function The Digestive System The Gastrointestinal (Digestive) System Every cell.
Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Responsible for the physical and chemical breakdown of food so it can be used by the body cells and tissues. 2 Parts: 1.Alimentary.
1 The Digestive System. 2 Digestion Digestion allows processing of food to release energy present in the nutrients we eat There are TWO overall types.
Digestive Anatomy. Alimentary Canal organs thru which food actually passes oral cavity pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine.
Monday, April 4, 2016 Get a sheet of scrap paper & something to write with.
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
Digestive System: Path of food
Human Digestive System
Biology 212 Anatomy & Physiology I
The Digestive System.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System
The Digestive System Chapter 15.
Digestion, Absorption and Transport
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TRIVIA REVIEW.
Biology 322 Human Anatomy I
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TRIVIA REVIEW.
The Digestive System Let’s Go!
Ch15 Digestive System Main function = breakdown food for nutrients for the body Alimentary canal = tube extending from mouth to anus which secretes substances.
The Digestive System.
The Digestive System.
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
Presentation transcript:

A.Two types of digestion 1. Chemical accomplished by enzymatic breakage of chemical bonds, resulting in carbs, lipids, proteins becoming monomers again. 2. Mechanical happens as food is physically broken into smaller and smaller pieces B. Function is to ingest, break down foodstuffs into monomers, absorb nutrients, water and eliminate the undigestible or harmful.

A.Alimentary canal, GI tract is hollow tube (30 feet) located in abdominopel vic cavity B.1-6 = path of food 1. Mouth 2. Pharynx 3. Esophagus 4. Stomach 5. Small & Large Intestine 6. Rectum & Anus

C. There are Four tunics esophagus to anus. a. mucosa secretes, absorbs and protects (has 3 layers) b. submucosa dense connective w/ elastin, protects & nourishes c. muscularis externa (1)inner layer is circular muscle = peristalsis (2)outer layer is longitudinal = segmentation d. adventia or serosa is visceral peritoneum

1.Entry for digestive system. 2.Accessory organs are gums, teeth, tongue (lingual frenulum), uvula, soft and hard palate, salivary glands (parotid) tonsils (lingual, palantine, pharyngeal) lips and cheeks

a.Propels food toward esophagus b.Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

a. Food tube ( 10 inches located behind trachea) moves food by peristalsis. Esophagus is stratified squamous epithelial interspersed w/ goblet cells = mucus to help bolus slide down and a double layer of muscle.

a.Function (1) Mechanical/chemical digestion (2) Secretes enzymes, mucus and hormones (3) Protein digestion (4) Food storage b. Anatomy (1)greater/lesser curvature (2)Fundus (3)Cardiac/pyloric regions and sphincters (superior is gastroesophageal) (4)Rugae (5)3 rd layers of muscle is oblique (6)Greater omentum can get quite large

(1) mucous neck cells- acidic mucus, (2) parietal cells (red) secrete HCl (3) chief cells (blue) secrete pepsinogen (4) enteroendocrine cells- release hormones gastrin, CCK, histamine

a. 3 parts = 6 feet (1) Duodenum 10 inches for absorption and final stages of digestion (2) Jejunum 8 feet (3) Ileum 12 feet (4) ileocecal valve

(5)Sphincter of Oddi controls entry of brush border enzymes, while the bile duct controls entry of bile into Sl. (6) Microvilli (on villi) increase surface area of mucosa. They become less as distance from duodenum increases. (7) Incidence of preyer’s patches increase as distance from duodenum increases. (8) Brunner’s glands in submucosa = mucus

6.Plicae circulares are deep, permanent folds of mucosa and submucosa that force chyme to spiral thru the lumen, slowing its movement so that absorption can take place

(1) Duodenum (crypts)

(a)Duodenum with bile duct from the liver & pancreatic duct from pancreas, is exposed to a plethora of digestive enzymes.

(2) Jejunum

(3) Ileum (preyer’s patches)

3 parts a. Ascending b. Transverse c. Descending d. Anatomy (1)Hepatic flexure (2)Splenic Flexure

(3)Colon 3 inches in diameter and 5 feet long. It becomes the sigmoid colon which ends at the rectum (final 6 inches) as feces pass out anus e. Functions (1) to absorb water, BP, creation & elimination of feces

1.Teeth 2.Tongue 3. Liver* 4.Gall Bladder 5. Pancreas* 6.Salivary* and other *glands

a. Dental formula

Tongue ?

a.Moves food, which is now bolus b.Initiates swallowing c.Sensory = Taste buds

a.Liver is most versatile organ in the body w/ over 200 functions- stores glycogen, makes bile, detoxifies. 1.Right lobe of liver 2.Left lobe of liver 4. Round ligament 8. Common bile duct 9. Hepatic artery 10.Portal vein 11.Cystic duct 12.Hepatic duct 13.Gallbladder

Arranged in 4 lobules

Stores bile which emulsifies lipids

a. Located between stomach and small intestine. b. Alpha cells synthesize & secrete pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes and hormone glucagon.

.

a.Secrete salivary amylase starts digestion of starch b.Helps bolus stick together