Teacher Notes l This PPT was revised June 9, l It is an introduction to competition, predation and symbiosis to be used prior to Simply Symbiosis, Predator-Prey Activity, and Community Interactions. l The initial section of TEKS Simply Symbiosis has a place for brief notes on the PPT which could be used in regular biology as well.

Community Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis

Competition l Organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same ecological resource (food, water, space) in the same place at the same time

Competition l Two different butterfly species feeding on the same flowers l Two organisms want the same thing

Predation l Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism predator prey

Predation l Grizzlies prey upon salmon

Predation l Rabbit and Coyote rabbit coyote

Ultimate Predator? l Why is man sometimes called the “Ultimate Predator”?

Symbiosis l Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called symbiosis (“living together”) l Mutualism l Commensalism l Parasitism

Mutualism l Both organisms benefit l Examples: l Flowers and insects l Ants and aphids Biology, Prentice Hall

Mutualism l Lichen l Algae and fungus living together

Commensalism l One member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. l Examples: Spanish moss

Commensalism l Whales & Barnacles (and lice)

Commensalism l Epiphytes “air plants” Biology, Prentice Hall

Parasitism l One benefits; one harmed l Examples: tapeworms inside mammals; fleas, ticks, and lice on mammals

Parasitism l Ticks l The parasite obtains all or part of its nutritional needs from the other organism, the host. Blacklegged Tick: An adult female blacklegged tick, engorged after a blood meal, rests on a leaf. Before After

Parasitism Mistletoe More than just a “kissing catalyst”

Works Cited l Whale barnacles - Christopher M. Callahan, Humboldt State University l Barnacles on Whale – Baja Jones Adventure Travel l Whale lice – Genny Anderson, Marine Science, Santa Barbara City College Wsouth.htm Wsouth.htm l Grizzly Bear – Mineral Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com m

Works Cited l Artic Hare – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Coyote – National Park Service courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Ground Squirrel – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com m

Works Cited l Falcon – Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly - Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com tail.htm l Karner Blue Butterfly - U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com tm

Works Cited l Elk Herd – Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Moose - EPA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Bison - USDA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com l Bee on Purple Flower – BigFoto.com bee-8j6.jpg

Works Cited l Spanish Moss – J.S. USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database, USDA-NRCS The PLANTS Database ( National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA rofile.cgi&symbol=TIUS&photoID=tius_001_ahp.jpg l Black Legged Tick – Scott Bauer, USDA courtesy of Junglewalk.com. l Mistletoe – US Forest Service stletoe.html