Monday September 9 th, 2014 Agenda: 1. Finish Quiz 2. Syllabus 3. Chapter 1, Section 1 Notes You’re* Is^

Syllabus

I. The Study of Geography The world changes constantly. The size and scope of your world constantly change, and so does its characters.

Geography Allows you to examine and understand the constantly changing world. Helps you see the world from different perspectives. Comes from a Greek word meaning “writing about” or “describing” the earth. The study of where people, places, and things are located and how they relate to each other.

Geographic Tools Geography uses scientific approaches to examine and understand where things are located.

Technology 1. SONAR – stands for SOund, NAvigation, and Ranging. It analyzes sounds to determine distance and direction. – Used for decades, originally developed in – Used to study ocean floor in Geography.

THIS GOES RIGHT UNDER TECHNOLOGY 2. Satellites – Remote sensing technology. – The USA has been using a program called Landsat since – Landsat 7 was launched in 1999.

TECHNOLOGY CONTINUED… 3. GPS – Stands for Global Positioning System. – Relies on network of 24 satellites orbiting the earth. Using atomic clocks, the satellites broadcast extremely accurate time measurements. – Back on earth GPS units analyze time signals to provide information about location.

Tuesday September 9 th, 2014 Agenda: 1.Review previous notes 2.Continue Chapter 1 notes 3.Review Chapter 1

Technology continued… GIS – Geographic Information Systems – Uses computer to collect, manipulate, analyze, and display data about the earth’s surface in order to solve geographic problems. – Might combine data from satellite photos, census records, or tax assessors. – Can be used to study topics as different as public health, road construction, and retail market size.

I. Geographic Concepts Along with technology, geographic concept is another tool geographers use. These concepts help us recognize and understand geographic patterns and processes that we can relate to real-life situations around us. Some Geographic Concepts are… – Physical Characteristics – Patterns of Settlement – Science and Technology – Economic Activities

A. Physical Processes Include Volcanos, earthquakes, and erosion. These physical processes have all shaped our world and continue to do so today.

B. Economic Activity Includes agriculture, industry, and mining. Such Economic Activity affect both society and the environment.

C. Cooperation and Conflict Individuals, organizations and countries work together and compete for natural resources.

Five important questions that can help organize information about places: – What is the location of a place? – What is the character of a place? – How are places similar to and different from other places? – How do people, goods, and ideas move between places? – How do people interact with the natural environment of a place?

Geography’s Five Themes Location Place Regions Movement Human-Environment Interaction

Wednesday September 10 th, 2014 AGENDA: 1.Finish Chap. 1, Sec. 1 2.Oral Review 3.Section Review, pg. 42

1. Location Geographers studying a place usually begin by finding its location. A. Absolute Location B. Relative Location

A. Absolute Location i.Found using imaginary lines on the earth’s surface known as lines of Longitude and Latitude. a. Latitude lines run parallel to the Equator. b. North Pole : (90 degrees) North. c. South Pole : (90 degrees) South. ii. The Equator (0 degrees) is one such line. a. It also divides the earth into two hemispheres or halves.

Absolute Location continued… iii. Because the earth is tilted about 23 ½ degrees as it revolves around the sun… a. The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23 ½ degrees North. b. The Tropic of Capricorn is located at 23 ½ degrees South.

B. Relative Location i.A place’s relation compared to other places. ii.For example, New Orleans is several hundred miles south of Memphis, Tennessee, which is the next major city as you move up the Mississippi River. iii.In the 1800s it would’ve taken days to travel from one to the other by boat. Today you can travel between the two cities by airplane in less than an hour.

2. Place Every place on earth has features that distinguish it from other places. The character of a place consists of the place’s… a.Physical Characteristics b.Human Characteristics. Ex. Antarctica, Very icy, only researchers live here

A. Physical Characteristics I. Some examples of these characteristics are… a. Landforms b. Ecosystems i. range from leafy tropical rain forests to sparse, moss-covered tundra. c. Climate i. includes weather patterns and dramatic occurrences like hurricanes, blizzards, droughts and floods.

B. Human Characteristics I.Places can also be described in terms of their human characteristics… a.How many people live or work there? b. What are the languages, customs and beliefs? c.How are they governed?

3. Regions A.A region is a group of places with at least one common characteristic. i.Common elements may be physical or human characteristics. ii.Sometimes a region is determined by people’s perception or their viewpoint influenced by one’s own culture and experiences.

Thursday September 11 th, 2014 AGENDA: 1.Review Quiz 2.Finish Section 1 3.Complete Chapter 1, Section Assessment on page 42

Regions continued… B.Formal Regions i. Areas in which certain characteristics are found throughout the area. ii. Ex. States, countries and cities. iii. People are subject to same laws and ruled by same government.

Regions Continued… C.Functional Regions i. consist of a central place and the surrounding places affected by it. ii. Often linked by flow or movement of something. ex. Amazon drainage basin in South America is the region drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.

Regions Continued… D. Perceptual Regions i. Defined by people’s feelings and attitudes about areas. ii. Because various criteria can be used to define regions… People in Missouri might have different opinions about their location.

4. Movement A.Places do not exist in isolation. i.Because places have different characteristics, it follows that people, goods, and ideas will move between them. a. Example New Orleans

5. Human-Environment Interaction A.How people use their environment? B.How have they changed it? C.What are the consequences of change? i.Good or bad? ii.Example, growing populations… limited supply of water.