Modified from Susan M. Pojer

A New Nation Looks West  It wasn't long after becoming a nation that Americans desired the lands to the west  A belief arose that became know as “The Manifest Destiny” which meant that America should extend from sea to sea  It wasn't long after becoming a nation that Americans desired the lands to the west  A belief arose that became know as “The Manifest Destiny” which meant that America should extend from sea to sea

Roots of the Manifest Destiny… Jefferson's Purchase: What do we know? A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure emerged.

“American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

Adams–Onis Treaty of 1819  John Quincy Adams negotiates treaty with Spain  sets the Northern border of California with Oregon  Spain gives up claims to Oregon Country  Spain cedes Florida over to the United States  John Quincy Adams negotiates treaty with Spain  sets the Northern border of California with Oregon  Spain gives up claims to Oregon Country  Spain cedes Florida over to the United States

Texas Declaration of Independence

Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836 Sam Houston ( ) Steven Austin ( )

The Republic of Texas

Remember the Alamo!

Davey Crockett’s Last Stand

The Battle of the Alamo General Antonio L  pez de Santa Anna Recaptures the Alamo

The Republic of Texas becomes a State After the Texas Revolution Texas was an independent Republic for nearly nine years In 1845 Texas was annexed into the United States as a slave state, yet in doing so gave up much of its land to other present day states such as New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming After the Texas Revolution Texas was an independent Republic for nearly nine years In 1845 Texas was annexed into the United States as a slave state, yet in doing so gave up much of its land to other present day states such as New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming

The Oregon Country

Overland Immigration to the West  Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000 people made the trek westward.

Trails Westward

The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight!  By the mid- 1840s, “Oregon Fever” was spurred on by the promise of free land.  The joint British- U. S. occupation ended in 1846.

The Doomed Donner Party April, 1846 – April, 1847

The Doomed Donner Party James Reed & Wife Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen  Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California! CANNIBALISM ! ! CANNIBALISM ! !

The Bear Flag Republic John C. Frémont The Revolt  June 14, 1845

The Mexican War ( )

General Zachary Taylor The United States Picks a Fight

The Bombardment of Vera Cruz

General Scott Enters Mexico City “Old Fuss and Feathers”

Treaty of Guadalupe- Hidalgo, 1848 Nicholas Trist, American Negotiator

Treaty of Guadalupe- Hidalgo, 1848  Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River.  Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.  U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000).  Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River.  Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.  U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000). The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico!

Results of the Mexican War?  The 17-month war cost $100,000,000 and 13,000+ American lives (mostly of disease).  New territories were brought into the Union which forced the explosive issue of SLAVERY to the center of national politics. * Brought in 1 million sq. mi. of land (incl. TX)  These new territories would upset the balance of power between North and South.  In 1853 the U.S. pays Mexico another $10 million for land along southern portions of Arizona and New Mexico, the Gadsden Purchase  The 17-month war cost $100,000,000 and 13,000+ American lives (mostly of disease).  New territories were brought into the Union which forced the explosive issue of SLAVERY to the center of national politics. * Brought in 1 million sq. mi. of land (incl. TX)  These new territories would upset the balance of power between North and South.  In 1853 the U.S. pays Mexico another $10 million for land along southern portions of Arizona and New Mexico, the Gadsden Purchase

NEW LAND ! The U.S. needed more room to grow Some western lands were offered to families at little to no cost Add those to the idea of Manifest Destiny where Americans believed the lands in the were rightfully theirs The U.S. needed more room to grow Some western lands were offered to families at little to no cost Add those to the idea of Manifest Destiny where Americans believed the lands in the were rightfully theirs

GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848 John A. Sutter

California Gold Rush, er’s

Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s  By 1860, almost 300,000 people had traveled the Oregon & California Trails to the Pacific coast.

Territorial Growth to 1853

Setting the Stage for Sectionalism and War Westward Expansion came at a cost for America: with each new state the issue of slavery had to be addressed before it could be admitted Contributed to a time of great political compromise which held off the start of Civil War until the beginning of the 1860’s Westward Expansion came at a cost for America: with each new state the issue of slavery had to be addressed before it could be admitted Contributed to a time of great political compromise which held off the start of Civil War until the beginning of the 1860’s