The Belle Experiment at KEK Christoph Schwanda Institute of High Energy Physics (HEPHY) Austrian Academy of Sciences Symposium Wissenschaftliche Kooperation Österreich-Japan Austrian Academy of Sciences, November 28, 2014

© CERN 2

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© NASA/WMAP Extensions to the Standard Model Supersymmet ry Technicolor Large Extra Dimensions Little Higgs Grand Unification 4

Physics beyond the Standard Model Energy Frontier Precision Frontier Cosmological Frontier 5

6 KEK Tsukuba site (Japan) Linac KEKB rings (HER+LER) e + e -  Y(4S)  BB e + e -   +  - Belle detector KEKB/Belle operation ( ): 772 million BB events 930 million  +  - events

 / K L detection 14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe CsI(Tl) 16X 0 Si vtx. det. 3(4) lyr. DSSD SC solenoid 1.5T 8 GeV e  3.5 GeV e  Aerogel Cherenkov cnt. n=1.015~1.030 C entral D rift C hamber small cell +He/C 2 H 5 TOF counter The Belle detector 7

B factories: a success story B 0 →J/ψK 0 _ Discovery of CP violation in the B meson system (2001) Confirmation of CKM mechanism Rate of the decay B 0 (B 0 ) →J/ψK 0 as a function of the decay time difference of the two Bs in Y(4S) → BB events 8

“… As late as 2001, the two particle detectors BaBar at Stanford, USA and Belle at Tsukuba, Japan, both detected broken symmetries independently of each other. The results were exactly as Kobayashi and Maskawa had predicted almost three decades earlier.” 9

Past achievements: Vienna key contributions to Belle Detector contribution – Readout system for the silicon tracker – 110,592 analog readout channels – Worked flawlessly for 7 years 10 Physics research – Leading the Belle CKM physics group CKM elements |V cb | and |V ub | search for the charged Higgs boson – Awards Victor Hess prize of APS (2010) Best paper award of AAS (2011) Belle collaboration papers with a Vienna first author: [PRD 88, (2013)] PRD 82, (2010)] [PRL 100, (2008)] [PRD 78, (2008)] [PRD 75, (2007)] [PRL 97, (2006)] [PRL 93, (2004)] Grants No. P22742, P26794

e- 2.6 A e+ 3.6 A To get x40 higher luminosity Colliding bunches Damping ring Low emittance gun Positron source New beam pipe & bellows Belle II New IR TiN-coated beam pipe with antechambers Redesign the lattices of HER & LER to squeeze the emittance Add / modify RF systems for higher beam current New positron target / capture section New superconducting /permanent final focusing quads near the IP Low emittance electrons to inject Low emittance positrons to inject Replace short dipoles with longer ones (LER) KEKB to SuperKEKB 11

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The Belle II detector 13 CsI(Tl) EM calorimeter: waveform sampling electronics, pure CsI for endcaps RPC μ & K L counter: scintillator + Si-PM for end-caps Time-of-Flight, Aerogel Cherenkov Counter → Time-of-Propagation (barrel), prox. focusing Aerogel RICH (forward) 4 layers DS Si vertex detector → 2 layers PXD (DEPFET) + 4 layers DSSD Central Drift Chamber: smaller cell size, long lever arm

HEPHY leading design & construction of the SVD Novel silicon tracking device matched to the challenging Belle II environment 1.2 m 2 of double-sided silicon detectors 4 layers covering the radii between 3.8 cm and 14 cm around the interaction region 14 World’s lowest mass collider detector Track reconstruction down to 50 MeV in p t Readout electronics for 243k analog channels Hits measured with O(10  m) resolution in space and 3 ns resolution in time Trigger rates up to 30 kHz

Nov. 2014: MoU Austria-KEK on scientific cooperation for Belle II 15

The Belle II Collaboration 23 countries/regions, 99 institutions 621 collaborators, 207 from Europe Detector construction Physics research 16

Nov 18, 2011: SuperKEKB groundbreaking 17

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SuperKEKB/Belle II Schedule Nov. 3,

Summary The Institute of High Energy Physics (HEPHY) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences has a long-standing scientific cooperation with Japan in the field of particle physics HEPHY was deeply involved in the Belle experiment (data taking: ) and contributed to both to the detector hardware and to the experiments scientific results We are now also heavily involved in the Belle II upgrade, assuming the overall responsibility for the Silicon Vertex Detector Looking forward to the first Belle II data in 2017! 20

Backup 21

Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing 22 W couples to the weak eigenstates Charged current processes can change quark flavour CKM matrix elements appears at the quark-W vertex April 9, 2014

The CKM unitarity triangle 23 B  Xl CPV in B  , ,  CPV in B  J  K s B -/+  D (*) K (*)-/+ April 9, 2014