National Aviation Day Lesson: 4.6. A : – (Readiness Standard) sequence and summarize the plot's main events and explain their influence on future events. Grade: 4 (TX)

2 This lesson is about National Aviation Day which is observed in the US on August 19 each year to celebrate the history and development of aviation. It is also the birthday of Orville Wright who, together with his brother Wilbur, made significant contributions to powered flight. The aim of this lesson is to sequence and summarize the plot’s main events and explain their influence on future events. Introduction

3  Main Idea and Details Chart:  Details are words and phrases that give information.  Remembering the details, will help us figure out the main idea of a selection.  Read each section. Answer the questions Who? What When? Where? Why? and How?  Review the answers to your questions. Those are the important details.  Use the details to tell the main idea. Before you move on....

4 1.We all know about National Aviation Day which is celebrated on August 19 all over US. The day coincides with the birthday of Orville Wright, who piloted the Wright Flyer. Orville was born in Dayton, Ohio, on August 19, He and his brother Wilbur built the world’s first successful airplane with aircraft controls that enabled them to steer the plane. 2.In 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt proclaimed August 19 to be National Aviation Day in honor of Orville Wright. Each year, government officials display the flag of the US on all government buildings on the day. 3.Interesting programs, showing the past history and the progress of aviation are held. Air shows are held and students and adults make and exhibit model airplanes. National Aviation Day

5  Pick out the main idea here. Main Idea a. How government c. Wright Brothers were officials celebrate makers of the first airplane National Aviation Day and National Aviation Day is a way of honoring Orville Wright on his birthday b. How students and d. National Aviation Day adults celebrate is celebrated all over National Aviation Day US on August 19 Before you move on…

6 4.Wilbur and Orville Wright weren’t just lucky to make the first flight. Even as kids they were fascinated by the knowledge of mechanics. They played with flying paper models in their youth. After reading about the death of pioneer gilder pilot Otto Lilienthal in 1896, they became interested in flying. They began serious reading on the subject in They soon learned all about aeronautics. By 1901, they had made hundreds of wind tunnel tests. 5. In 1902, they had built a glider that was the biggest flying machine ever built. The Wright Brothers were very scientific and methodical in their approach. They called on the machine making skills of Charles Taylor, and by February 1903 they had an engine. By June, they had built a propeller. To help gauge their progress, they built a wind tunnel. All this time, the Wright Brothers worked on their machine secretly inside their bicycle factory as they feared that others might copy their design. The Wright Brothers

7  Which two of these descriptions best fit the Wright Brothers when they were kids? a. They were very lucky as kids b. They were fascinated by mechanics c. They loved reading books on mechanics d. They loved adventure and roaming outdoors on bicycles Before you move on…

8  What do we know about the Wright Brothers? a. They were pilots who worked with airplanes b. They were soldiers in the US army c. They were scientists who had gliding experience d. There were mechanics who had their own bicycle factory Before you move on…

9  The Wright Brothers followed certain steps while making their Flyer. Re-arrange these steps in their correct order. a. They built a wind tunnel b. They made the engine c. They made the propeller d. They built the glider Before you move on…

10 6. After years, they were finally ready to test their first powered plane, the Wright Flyer. They headed for Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, in September to see how it worked. 7. On the morning of December 13, 1903, Orville and Wilbur stood on the beach at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina and actually flipped a coin to see who would be first to try out the flyer. Orville won the toss. 8. The engine and propeller powered the plane, the Flyer lifted off but immediately sank down, slightly damaged. By December 17, 1903, the Flyer was fixed, and at 10 hours 35 minutes, Orville made the first powered flight. It lasted 12 seconds. The Wright Brothers

11  Describe the events that followed after Orville Wright won the toss at Kitty Hawk on December 13, 1903 and later on December 17, Before you move on…

12 9.Wilbur made the second flight. Orville made the third flight, which rose to a height of 200 feet in 15 seconds. At noon, Wilbur made the fourth flight on that blustery day. The Flyer covered 852 feet in 59 seconds. He landed safely, but a sudden gust of wind sent the plane tumbling, breaking the wings and damaging the motor. There would be no more flights in It would have been cool to see their first flight. 10. Orville and Wilbur rarely flew after that. Others were trying to do the same thing on similar machines. The Wright Brothers

13  Which of these happened when Wilbur Wright made the fourth flight on December 17, 1903? a. The airplane crashed to the ground and caught fire b. The airplane went out of control and started spinning round and round in circles c. The plane got carried away by the wind and got lost d. It landed safely, but a sudden gust of wind sent the plane tumbling, breaking the wings and damaging the motor Before you move on…

The Wrights believed that future airplanes could be used to transport passengers and mail. When the Wrights first offered their machine to the US government, they were not taken seriously, but by 1908 they closed a contract with the US Department of War for the first military airplane. 12. Wilbur passed away in By then the airplane was making great progress. Orville continued to work on the development of aviation in his own shop. He received many awards for his and Wilbur's work on the progress of aeronautics. Orville was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in New York City in He died on January 30, The original plane flown near Kitty Hawk is now in the National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC. The Wright Brothers

15  What vision did the Wright Brothers have? a. Airplanes of the future could be used to transport passengers and mail b. Airplanes could be used to study the weather conditions c. Airplanes could replace ships and glide on water d. Airplanes could be used for dropping seeds and spraying them with water from the air Before you move on…

16  Describe what kind of people the Wright Brothers were and their approach to work.  How did the Wright Brothers work on their Flyer?  Where was the Flyer put together and why? Sum it up

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