Tobacco

TOBACCO USE Smoking is the number one cause of premature and preventable disease in Canada. Smoking is the number one cause of premature and preventable disease in Canada. Linked to many health risks Linked to many health risks

Cigarette Labels Because of the many health risks linked to smoking the government now requires tobacco products to have Warning labels Because of the many health risks linked to smoking the government now requires tobacco products to have Warning labels labels-for-cigarette-packages-to-be-unveiled

The Globe and Mail Published Monday, Nov. 15, :01AM EST “Package warnings are very important and Canada was the first country to acquire picture warnings [in 2001] and now we’re falling behind,” said Rob Cunningham, a senior policy analyst with the Canadian Cancer Society. “Package warnings are very important and Canada was the first country to acquire picture warnings [in 2001] and now we’re falling behind,” said Rob Cunningham, a senior policy analyst with the Canadian Cancer Society. Health Canada had been reviewing the warnings for tobacco products for several years and was considering new labels that would have been larger and, in many cases, much more graphic than the originals until the project was suddenly halted earlier this year. (2010) Health Canada had been reviewing the warnings for tobacco products for several years and was considering new labels that would have been larger and, in many cases, much more graphic than the originals until the project was suddenly halted earlier this year. (2010) The fact that Canadian cigarette packages have not been changed for 10 years is frustrating, said Mr. Cunningham. There is extensive proof that the graphic pictures on cigarette packages play a role in getting smokers to quit, he said. The fact that Canadian cigarette packages have not been changed for 10 years is frustrating, said Mr. Cunningham. There is extensive proof that the graphic pictures on cigarette packages play a role in getting smokers to quit, he said. “A picture says a thousand words and, if you can see that picture of Barb Tarbox, that brings to life what lung cancer is really like. It has a lot more emotional impact than just what text can say,” he said. “A picture says a thousand words and, if you can see that picture of Barb Tarbox, that brings to life what lung cancer is really like. It has a lot more emotional impact than just what text can say,” he said. “And if it didn’t work, the tobacco companies wouldn’t lobby against it.”

New warning labels New warning labels - 16 new warning labels will be introduced in new warning labels will be introduced in To keep them effective, Health Canada will rotate the labels every four years - To keep them effective, Health Canada will rotate the labels every four years - Will highlight a new set of tobacco-related diseases, such as bladder cancer and macular degeneration - Will highlight a new set of tobacco-related diseases, such as bladder cancer and macular degeneration - Feature improved literacy levels - Feature improved literacy levels - Include a variety of styles and approaches to appeal to different age groups - Include a variety of styles and approaches to appeal to different age groups

Smoke: Toxic Mixture Smoke contains nicotine, carcinogens, tar and carbon monoxide Smoke contains nicotine, carcinogens, tar and carbon monoxide

Nicotine Addictive drug Addictive drug Causes physiological (body) and psychological (mind) dependence Causes physiological (body) and psychological (mind) dependence Found in tobacco leaves Found in tobacco leaves Stimulant – increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, & other organs Stimulant – increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, & other organs

CARCINOGEN Cancer causing agent Cancer causing agent In 1992 tobacco smoke or secondhand smoke is classified as a Group A carcinogen. In 1992 tobacco smoke or secondhand smoke is classified as a Group A carcinogen.

TAR A thick sticky substance that is produced when tobacco burns. A thick sticky substance that is produced when tobacco burns. Destroys cilia (tiny hairlike structures) that line upper airways and protect against infection. Destroys cilia (tiny hairlike structures) that line upper airways and protect against infection. Damages alveoli (airsacs that absorb oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide) Damages alveoli (airsacs that absorb oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide)

Carbon Monoxide Colourless, odourless, and poisonous gas. Colourless, odourless, and poisonous gas. Absorbed quicker than oxygen by the blood. Absorbed quicker than oxygen by the blood. Causes increase in blood pressure, heart disease, and hardening of the arteries. Causes increase in blood pressure, heart disease, and hardening of the arteries.

Pipes and Cigars Contain more nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide than cigarettes. Contain more nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide than cigarettes. No filter=increased risk of developing cancers of throat, lip, and mouth No filter=increased risk of developing cancers of throat, lip, and mouth NICOTINE NICOTINE 1 cigar = pack of cigarettes 1 cigar = pack of cigarettes

Smokeless Tobacco Sniffed, held in mouth, chewed Sniffed, held in mouth, chewed Carcinogens absorbed in membranes in the mouth. Carcinogens absorbed in membranes in the mouth. More carcinogens than cigarettes. More carcinogens than cigarettes. LEUKOPLAKIA LEUKOPLAKIA = thick, white leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer. = thick, white leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer.

Smokeless Tobacco Cancers of the throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas are also more common than among users. Cancers of the throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas are also more common than among users.

Smokeless Tobacco Spit tobacco has ruined my life," said Gruen Von Behrens. "Every time I turn around they are putting me in the hospital either to have surgery or some kind of treatment. If I had known then what I know now, I never would have put a dip in my mouth. Spit tobacco seemed harmless, but in reality it was more than I could handle." Von Behrens is a 26-year-old cancer survivor who has had almost 30 disfiguring surgeries to save his life, including one radical surgery that removed half his neck muscles and lymph nodes, and half of his tongue. Like too many teenagers, Von Behrens first tried spit tobacco at age 13 to "fit in". Spit tobacco has ruined my life," said Gruen Von Behrens. "Every time I turn around they are putting me in the hospital either to have surgery or some kind of treatment. If I had known then what I know now, I never would have put a dip in my mouth. Spit tobacco seemed harmless, but in reality it was more than I could handle." Von Behrens is a 26-year-old cancer survivor who has had almost 30 disfiguring surgeries to save his life, including one radical surgery that removed half his neck muscles and lymph nodes, and half of his tongue. Like too many teenagers, Von Behrens first tried spit tobacco at age 13 to "fit in".

How Tobacco Affects the Body REFER TO HAND-OUT (Fig 16.1) REFER TO HAND-OUT (Fig 16.1)

Short Term Effects Changes in brain chemistry (cravings, withdrawal symptoms as soon as 30 mins. after) Changes in brain chemistry (cravings, withdrawal symptoms as soon as 30 mins. after) Increased respiration and heart rate Increased respiration and heart rate Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite Bad breath Bad breath Smelly hair, clothes, and skin Smelly hair, clothes, and skin

Long Term Effects Effects many body systems Effects many body systems =respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, excretory =respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, excretory GLENCOE pg. 379 GLENCOE pg. 379 Chronic bronchitis Chronic bronchitis Emphysema Emphysema Lung Cancer Lung Cancer Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Other Consequences Legal Legal Prohibited on school property (suspended/expelled) Prohibited on school property (suspended/expelled) illegal to sell to someone under 19 illegal to sell to someone under 19

Other Consequences Social Social Smokers now asked to go outside Smokers now asked to go outside Excluded from gatherings Excluded from gatherings Bad breath, yellow teeth and fingers Bad breath, yellow teeth and fingers

Other Consequences Financial Financial A pack a day = $3,000 a year A pack a day = $3,000 a year Economic Cost = $11 billion a year Economic Cost = $11 billion a year