Skills to Get Started

Literary Genres

Literary Genre- types of literary work that share common characteristics and styles These are characterized as fiction, non- fiction, and poetry

Mystery Imaginative stories dealing with a secret, problem, or crime Includes…. Suspense Cliffhangers Secrecy Foreshadowing May be detective novels or spy novels Horror Stories that have the capacity to scare or frighten the reader Characters or beings may possess supernatural abilities &/or unstable thoughts/actions Mood is generally dark, foreboding, menacing, and gloomy May explore the dark, evil side of humanity

Dystopian Fiction A form of fiction which presents futuristic, imagined world in which an oppressive societal control is maintained through a system (government, business, technology, environmental, religious, etc.) Government may control the citizens Independent thoughts and feelings are restricted Conformity is key (following all rules given)

Science Fiction A form of fiction that is set in the future In one approach, the story may take place in outer space where the technology of the future is predicted. In another approach, future societies are portrayed, with or without the presence of aliensAdventure A type of fiction that involves suspense, risk-taking, and physical danger Often the plot involves threats to the survival of the characters. For the most part, the events are realistic, however they are often distressing and outside the realm of normal day-to-day activities.

Fairy Tales Imaginative stories which have a magical element Often begins with “Once upon a time ago…” or “A long, long time ago…” Characters are often royalty. Stories often end with “…happily ever after.” Characters are clearly defined as good or evil. Good conquers evil Adventure Imaginative stories that have fictional characters in a historical setting May be based upon dates, people, or events that really happened Major historical events may be essential Accuracy of historical details are evident May include author notes of research Characters and time periods are lifelike Conflict allows reader to compare the past with the present in order to better understand our world.

_____Fantas y_________ __ Genre that is defined by the presence of magic and supernatural things that occur outside of our universe. May be a whole other world with fantastical creatures or magic Non-human creatures and items may talk Extraordinary and beautiful events

What genre do you think this is? 1. The Man behind the Moon by Shelton Pacer This text tells the true life story of Richard Proctor, who argued in the 1870s that the dark spots on the Moon's surface were craters formed by collision, not volcanoes as previously believed. Non-fiction 2. Space Racers by Eric Marshall This book follows a group of competitors from different interstellar backgrounds who are competing to win the ultimate race across the universe. Fiction: Science Fiction 3. Ms. Dandridge by Jane Bryant It is the summer of 1758 and love is in the air. A young George Washington, future leader of the Revolution and a founding father of America, meets a widowed Martha Dandridge and sparks fly. But Martha's got a big family and not everybody is happy to see her moving on with her life. Will love triumph or are the wounds of Martha's past too deep to mend? Fiction: Historical Fiction

What genre do you think this is? by George Orwell This book follows in which the government controls everything every citizen does by watching them on video cameras. People are assigned jobs by the government and do not have free choice to think or feel what they want.

Protagonist: The main character in a literary work; typically the “good” guy. (Usually the first character introduced) Antagonist: The character that opposes, struggles against, or competes with the protagonist in a literary work; typically the “bad” guy.

Protagonist or Antagonist?

Setting- where the story takes place. Setting is contains the historical moment and time and also the exact location Conflict: the main problem in a story. It is when two or more opposite beings have problems with one another. Conflict makes a story interesting!! Plot- all the events that make up the story

Rollercoaster (parts of plot) Think of it as beginning, middle, end!!!! Plot

Set-up: part of the story where the setting (time & place), the characters, and small clues of problems are introduced. *beginning of the roller coaster

Arrendale What could be the set-up for Frozen?? Setting? (Arrendelle) Characters first introduced? (Anna, Elsa, parents) What is the problem that is introduced? (conflict) (Elsa gains the power of freezing things and it impacts her life)

Rising Action: *events that are moving towards the middle (top) of the roller coaster Multiple events in which characters develop and there is increasing suspense Longest portion of the story!!!

Climax *at the very top of the rollercoaster ! The turning point in the story. It usually is the most exciting part.

Guess the climax! This takes practice!! It may or may not be the “fight” or “battle” in the story!

Falling action *going down the rollercoaster so it can end soon (near the end) Events that are action packed and lead towards the end (does the antagonist get defeated??)

CliResolution How things work out at the very end and after it’s all over

Character ization: A method used by authors to develop fictional characters; the categories are used in combination to define a character. Round vs Flat Static vs Dynamic

Round vs Flat Round character: A major character in a story that is fully developed (we know a lot about them)

Flat or Round?

Theme The story’s main message or lesson learned; hints of it may appear all throughout the book. Ex: -The grass isn’t always greener on the other side -Never give up! -Choose your friends carefully

(On the back of your notes) Common book themes: Kindness Being yourself Differences Friendship Love Family Acceptance Hard work Achievement Being brave Never giving up

Theme Katie Clean invited Messy Missy to her house to work on their biology project, but Katie Clean had no idea what a visit from Messy Missy entailed. First of all, it was raining and Messy Missy neither bothered to take her boots off nor thoroughly wiped them on the doormat. Then Messy Missy ate a bag of hot chips on Katie Clean’s white bedspread without asking, and Messy Missy is a sloppy eater, so hot chip powder got all over the bedspread. Katie Clean tried to be polite and ignore Messy Missy’s sloppy behavior, but then Messy Missy threw her chip wrapper on the floor. Offended, Katie Clean pretended that she was sick and asked Messy Missy to leave. The next day Katie Clean asked the teacher if she could work by herself. After explaining her situation, the teacher allowed Katie to work alone. Messy Missy would have finished the assignment by herself, but she spilled grape soda all over her assignment.

What could be the possible theme (lesson learned)? A. Two heads are better than one B. Money doesn’t buy you happiness C. Choose your friends carefully D. Have a backup plan

Mr. Pig and Mr. Dog were hanging out at the food court of the animal shopping mall. Mr. Pig was eating a huge feast of pizza and drinking a large jug of fruit punch and Mr. Dog was watching him eat. “Hey, Mr. Pig. If you give me a slice of your pizza, I’ll let you have the next bone I find.” Mr. Pig declined, even though it hurt his stomach to eat the last three slices of pizza. “I’m sorry, Mr. Dog,” Mr. Pig said, “but I paid for this pizza and it’s all mine.” Mr. Dog sighed and waited for Mr. Pig to finish, and then they left the animal mall together. On the way out, a hunter spotted them and gave chase. Mr. Pig normally could have escaped the hunter but since he was weighed down by such a large meal, Mr. Pig collapsed and the hunter killed him. Mr. Dog easily escaped. Later that night while returning to the scene, Mr. Dog caught the scent of something delicious and began digging around a trash can. He found a large ham bone with lots of meat and marrow still stuck to the bone. Mr. Dog happily ate.

What could be the possible theme (lesson learned)? A. If you like someone, tell them B. Love at first sight is real C. Share your true feelings D. Don’t be greedy

End of Notes for Test 1

Conflict internalexternal

Conflict internal Man vs. Self external Man vs. Man Man Vs. nature Man vs. supernatural man Vs. society Man Vs. technology