OPEN CLASSROOM SERIES | FALL 2011 The Role of Government in the 21 st Century Final Lecture Barry Bluestone Nonnie Burnes Michael Dukakis December 14, 2011

THE MANY ROLES OF GOVERNMENT

Major Functions of Federal Government  Provide for the National Defense  Establish and Adjudicate Private Property Rights  Ensure Compliance with the Constitution and the Bill of Rights  Establish a National Currency  Provide for National Economic Policy to maintain Economic Growth, Full Employment, and Stable Prices  Provide for National Infrastructure to assure Transportation and Communication  Assure Public Health  Collect Taxes to Pay for Federal Government Operations

Major Functions of State Government  Provide for Regional Transportation  Ensure Public Safety and Security  Provide for Higher Education  Assure K-12 Equity across Municipalities  Promote Economic Development  Ensure Public Health  Regulate Energy Sector  Protect the State Environment  Encourage the Production of Affordable Housing  Provide Unemployment Insurance  Provide Workers Compensation

Major Functions of Local Government  Ensure Public Safety – Police & Fire Protection  Promote K-12 Education  Promote Public Health  Regulate the Use of Property through Zoning Laws  Promote Local Economic Development  Provide Water and Sewer Services  Regulate Local Private Monopolies (e.g. Cable TV)

Federal Government Departments  Department of Agriculture (USDA)  Department of Commerce (DOC)  Department of Defense (DOD)  Department of Defense Inspector General  Department of Education (ED)  Department of Energy (DOE)  Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)  Department of Homeland Security (DHS)  Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)  Department of Justice (DOJ)  Department of Labor (DOL)  Department of State (DOS)  Department of the Interior (DOI)  Department of the Treasury  Department of Transportation (DOT)  Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)

State Government Departments  Administration and Finance  Education  Energy and Environment  Health and Human Services  Housing and Economic Development  Labor and Workforce Development  Public Safety and Security  Transportation

Boston City Departments (A-C)  Animal Control  Archives & Records  Arts, Tourism & Special Events  Assessing  Auditing  Boston Bikes  Boston Centers for Youth & Family  Boston Employment Commission  Boston Groundwater Trust  Boston Home Center  Boston Housing Authority  Boston Licensing Board  Boston Main Streets  Boston Public Health Commission  Boston Public Library  Boston Redevelopment Authority  Boston Residents Jobs Policy Office  Boston Water & Sewer Commission  Boston Youth Fund  B-SMART Initiative  Budget Management  Cable Communications  City Clerk  City Council  Civil Rights  Consumer Affairs and Licensing (D-O)  Disabilities Commission  Elderly Commission  Election Department  Emergency Management  Emergency Medical Services  Emergency Shelter  Emergency Storm Center  Environment Department  Environmental & Energy Services  Fire Department  Graphic Arts  Human Resources  Innovation and Technology  Inspectional Services  Intergovernmental Relations  Jobs and Community Services  Labor Relations  Law Department  Neighborhood Development  Neighborhood Services  Office of Business Development  Office of New Bostonians  Office of the Parking Clerk (P-Z)  Parks & Recreation  Police Department  Press Office  Property & Construction Management  Public Works Department  Purchasing / Bids  Registry Division  Rental Housing Resource Center  Retirement Board  School Department  Small & Local Business Enterprise Office  Suffolk County Registry of Deeds  Taxpayer Referral and Assistance Center (TRAC)  Transportation Department  Treasury  Veteran's Services  Women's Commission  Zoning Board of Appeal

FEDERAL PROGRAMS

Provide for the National Defense  Army, Navy, Air Force,, Marine Corps, Coast Guard  National Guard  Special Forces  CIA  Missile Defense Agency (MDA)  State Department  Agency for International Development (USAID)  Arms Control and International Security  Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)  Helsinki Commission (Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe)  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)  National Security Council

Assist the Private Economy  Establish Rules for Private Property  Copyright Office  Patent Office  Adjudicate property disputes Land, physical assets, intellectual property  Commerce Department  Federal Reserve System  Bureau of the Engraving and Printing (Money)  Antitrust Division  Federal Trade Commission (FTC)  Bankruptcy Courts  Court of Federal Claims  Economic Development Administration  Export-Import Bank of the United States  Farm Credit Administration  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)  Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)  Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac)  Government National Mortgage Association  Federal Housing Finance Agency  Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service

Provide for Basic Infrastructure  Federal Highway Administration  Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)  Federal Railroad Administration  Federal Transit Administration  Maritime Administration  AMTRAK  Railway Stations  Local Mass Transit  Commuter Rail  U.S. Postal Service  Federal Communications Commission (FCC)  Army Corps of Engineers  Bonneville Power Administration  Federal Maritime Commission

Enhance Human Capital & Culture  Public Schools  Office of Elementary and Secondary Education  Employment and Training Administration  Vocational Training Programs  Employment Services  Commission on Fine Arts  Holocaust Memorial Museum  John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts  Library of Congress  National Science Foundation

Provide for Health  National Institutes of Health (NIH)  Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)  Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service  Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Food Safety and Inspection Service  Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control Office  Indian Health Service  Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Protect the Natural Environment  Environmental Protection Agency  National Parks  National Forests  Bureau of Land Management (BLM)  Bureau of Reclamation  Fish and Wildlife Service  Forest Service  Migratory Bird Conservation Commission

Provide Information to Citizens  Food and Drug Administration  Vehicle Safety Information  Vehicle Efficiency Data  Agricultural Research Service  Agriculture Department  Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection  Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)  Bureau of Labor Statistics  Bureau of the Census  Bureau of Transportation Statistics  Congressional Budget Office (CBO)  Consumer Financial Protection Bureau  Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)  Government Accountability Office (GAO)  Government Printing Office (GPO)  Legal Services Corporation  National Weather Service (NOAA)

Provide for Domestic Safety  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)  Federal Bureau of Prisons  Police  Firefighters  EMTs  Building Inspectors  Courts  Jails  Prisons  Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Bureau  Bureau of Prisons  Civilian Radioactive Waste Management  Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)  Federal Law Enforcement Training Center  Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission  Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)  Federal Marshals Service  Mine Safety and Health Administration  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

Citizenship Services  Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)  Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)  Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)  Commission on Civil Rights  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)  Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO)  Federal Election Commission

So, What Does Government Do for You?  We fail to recognize more than 10% of all the things we ask government to do for us.  If citizens understood all the things government does for us, would they be as quick to criticize government and ask to see it shrink?  If citizens who argue for “cutting government” were given a choice, which agencies would they overwhelmingly wish to eliminate?