Movement of Electricity Chapter 7 Section 2

Voltage Electricity moves from a high voltage to a low voltage –V–Voltage is the push behind the electrons that cause it to move –V–Voltage is what packs the punch/jolt felt in an electrical shock

Flow of electricity For electricity to flow you must have a closed circuit For electricity to flow you must have a closed circuit –A closed circuit is one in which the light is connected to both ends (pos. and neg.) of the battery with no break in the wire If you followed it like a maze you would end up in the same position If you followed it like a maze you would end up in the same position –An open circuit will not allow the flow of electricity

Electric Current Electric current is the flow of electricity (only happens with a closed circuit) Electricity is the flow of electrons Electric current is measured in amperes Amperes is the aspect of electricity that is the most lethal Amps tells you how much electricity is actually going to flow through you

Batteries Batteries produce electrical energy Batteries do this by maintaining a voltage difference –Having a voltage difference allows the electrons to flow / provide electrical energy –PROTONS NEVER MOVE (only electrons) –battery battery

Electrical Resistance  Electrical resistance is the force that opposes the flow of electrons  All materials have some electrical resistance Insulators have a lot of electrical resistance Insulators have a lot of electrical resistance Conductors have a small amount of electrical resistance Conductors have a small amount of electrical resistance

Factors that Affect Electrical Resistance  Thickness of a wire  Skinnier = more resistance  Fatter = less resistance  Length  Longer = more resistance  Shorter = less resistance  Temperature  Hotter = more resistance  Cooler = less resistance

Transforming Electrical Energy Resistance in wires allows electricity to be transformed to other forms of energy –Examples = Light and thermal energy

Electrical Resistance and Light Bulbs A light bulb sends the electricity through a very thin wire called a filament The filament increases electrical resistance That increase in electrical resistance causes the electrical energy to be transformed into light and thermal NRG