1 TOPIC 13 COGNITIVE DISORDER

 Dissociative disorder involve changes or disturbances in identity, memory or consciousness that affect the ability to maintain an integrated sense of self.  This include:  Dissociative identity disorder  Dissociative amnesia  Dissociative fugue  Depersonalization disorder 2

 DELIRIUM  DEMENTIA  AMNESTIC  OTHER COGNITIVE DISORDER 3

 Is an acute confusional state that lies between normal wakefulness and stupor or coma  Criteria  Disturbance of consciousness  A change in cognition that is not related to dementia  The disturbance develops over a short period of time and tends to fluctuate over the course of the day  Treatment  Medication, environmental manipulation and family support 4

 Dementia implies loss and is characterized by a decline from a previously attained level of functioning  Cause of Dementia  Parkinson Disease  Huntington’s Disease  Alzheimer’s Disease  Dementia from HIV-1 infection  Vascular Dementia 5

 The characteristics feature of amnestic syndrome is strikingly disturbed memory.  Short term memory is typically so impaired that the person is unable to recall events that took place only a few minutes previously. 6

 Criteria for Amnestic Disorder  The development of memory impairment  The memory disturbance causes significant impairment in functioning and represents a decline from a previous level of functioning  The memory disturbance doesn’t occur exclusively during the course of delirium or dementia 7

 Causes:  Chronic alcohol use  Associated deficiency in vitamin B1  Head trauma  Stroke  Surgery in the temporal lobe area of the brain  Hypoxia  Some forms of brain infection 8