Transcontinental Railroad

Railroad across the continent Railroad across the continent Connected Sacramento and Omaha Connected Sacramento and Omaha Created jobs for many immigrants Created jobs for many immigrants

Union Pacific

Union Pacific used Irish immigrants Union Pacific used Irish immigrants Built West from Omaha Built West from Omaha

Central Pacific

Used Chinese immigrants Used Chinese immigrants Built east from Sacramento Built east from Sacramento

Impact of the railroad

After the railroad

End of Indian control Land and food source was destroyed by the white settlers Land and food source was destroyed by the white settlers

Timber for houses Fruit and vegetables food

Brought east and west together Combined the resources from different parts of the U.S. Combined the resources from different parts of the U.S.

Increased farming in the West Provided land for farming and ranching Provided land for farming and ranching

Changed the way people lived Could live away from water sources Could live away from water sources Set schedules----created time zones Set schedules----created time zones

Bessemer Convertor

Steel Used for railroads and bridges Used for railroads and bridges Bessemer process made production easier and cheaper. Bessemer process made production easier and cheaper.

Tesla---electric generator

Edison and the light bulb

Electricity Tesla’s electric generator harnessed water power Tesla’s electric generator harnessed water power Edison– light bulb ( did not invent electricity) Edison– light bulb ( did not invent electricity) Edison also invented the phonograph and about a thousand other things. Edison also invented the phonograph and about a thousand other things.

Alexander Graham Bell Bells’ First telephone

Communication Alexander Graham Bell—Telephone improved on the telegraph Alexander Graham Bell—Telephone improved on the telegraph

Department stores

Mass production

Shopping Mass production Mass production Ready made clothes Ready made clothes Catalog sales Catalog sales Department stores---Marshall Fields--- Macy’s Department stores---Marshall Fields--- Macy’s

Andrew Carnegie

Steel Industry Steel Industry Founded libraries and other charities Founded libraries and other charities Gave away 350 million dollars Gave away 350 million dollars

John D. Rockefeller

Monopoly octopus

John D. Rockefeller Oil refineries Oil refineries Developed trust companies---own all means of production---creates monopolies Developed trust companies---own all means of production---creates monopolies

Philanthropy Giving away money for the common good—Libraries, colleges, the Arts, churches Giving away money for the common good—Libraries, colleges, the Arts, churches

Corporations Company that raises money by selling stock---no single owner Company that raises money by selling stock---no single owner

Sweatshops Long hours Long hours Crowded conditions Crowded conditions Little pay Little pay No laws for protection No laws for protection

Child Labor Started at age 7 Started at age 7 No school for most kids No school for most kids Worked from morning to night ( just like adult) Worked from morning to night ( just like adult)

Muckraker- Person who attempted to address conditions in sweatshops and other industries through writing. The point was to publicize the problem. Add to your notes

Labor Unions Groups of workers that negotiate with management about wages and conditions Groups of workers that negotiate with management about wages and conditions

Knights of Labor Union formed to change society Union formed to change society Called for an 8 hour work day Called for an 8 hour work day Restrictions in child labor Restrictions in child labor Equal pay Equal pay Open to skilled and unskilled labor (problem) Open to skilled and unskilled labor (problem)

AFL American Federation of Labor American Federation of Labor Only worked with skilled labor (not a problem) Only worked with skilled labor (not a problem)

Haymarket Riot Strike at the McCormick Reaper factory Strike at the McCormick Reaper factory One policeman killed—set off more violence One policeman killed—set off more violence Gave unions a bad reputation Gave unions a bad reputation

Pullman Strike Pullman car---Sleeping car on a train Pullman car---Sleeping car on a train Pullman cut worker wages by 25% Pullman cut worker wages by 25% Company town—refused to lower prices in town for things like rent and food. Company town—refused to lower prices in town for things like rent and food.