Fast Detectors for Medical and Particle Physics Applications Wilfried Vogel Hamamatsu Photonics France March 8, 2007

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Microchannel Plates (MCP) Electrons, ions, X-rays, high energy particles detection. Circular and rectangular shape High speed response (500 ps FWHM) High gain (up to several 10^7)

Microchannel Plates (MPC)

g = exp (G. α) α = L/d

Microchannel Plates (MPC) F –14.5 mm diameter –4 µm channel

Microchannel Plates (MCP) New assembly F9892 (2 stages) –High time resolution (1.2 ns FWHM) –40 mm diameter –Excellent MCP flatness (20 µm) –Little ringing (3%) –12 or 6 µm channel diameter

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

MCP-Photomultiplier Tubes From 115 nm to 1.7 µm 150 ps rise time typical. 25 ps Time Transit Spread Max

MCP-Photomultiplier Tubes Custom multi-pixel products available on request. Up to 10x10 pixels

MCP-Photomultiplier Tubes Applications : –Molecular Science Analysis –Medical Science OCT –Biochemistry Fast Gene Sequencing –Time Resolved Analysis –Material Engineering Semiconductor Analysis P/N R3809U or R5916U

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Flat Panel PMT H9500 –16x16 multianode H8500 –8x8 multianode –Small dead space –Fast time response (0.8 ns rise time) –Low cross-talk (3 to 5 %) –Good uniformity

Flat Panel PMT Applications –Small Animal Imaging –Compact Gamma Camera –Scinti-mammography –2D Radiation Monitor Effective area ratio 89%!

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Hybrid Photo-Detector (HPD) Features (P/N R10647) –Fast time response (400 ps rise time) –Excellent Timing Resolution (110 ps FWHM) –Capable of Photon Counting Applications : –HEP –Biology, Medical –LIDAR –TCSPC

Hybrid Photo-Detector (HPD) R&D large format HPD for next generation water Cherenkov detector P/N HY0010

Hybrid Photo-Detector (HPD) Timing resolution for multi-photoelectrons

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Phototubes Features High speed : 60 ps rise time Large photosensitive area Large spectral response : VUV to NIR (115 nm to 1,1 µm) High stability and wide dynamic range

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

MSM Detectors Metal-Semiconductor-Metal –GaAs & InGaAs Features –Ultrafast response : 30 ps rise time (GaAs) 40 ps rise time (InGaAs) –Low dark current : 100 pA at 25°C (GaAs) 5 µA at 25°C (InGaAs) –Large photosensitive area : 200 µm

Contents Microchannel Plates MCP-Photomultipliers Flat Panel PMT Hybrid Photo-Detector Phototubes Ultrafast MSM detectors Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Multi Pixel Photon Counter What is MPPC? –Solid state photon counter using Geiger mode APD and self quenching resistance Competitors and customers use the term SiPM for Silicon Photo-Multiplier MPPC advantages –Compact size –Low reverse voltage operation –Insensitive to magnetic fields –Lower cost vs. PMT’s –Good timing resolution

MPPC features Line up of MPPC (1 mm²) –1600 pixel-type 25 µm pixel pitch, 40 x 40 pixels –400 pixel-type 50 µm pixel pitch, 20 x 20 pixels –100 pixel-type 100 µm pixel pitch, 10 x 10 pixels Time resolution : 250 ps max FWHM PDE = QE x fill factor x avalanche probability

MPPC Applications Nuclear Medicine –PET/MRI, TOF-PET HEP –Calorimeter Homeland security Fluorescence, chemiluminescence Flow cytometry, micro-fluidics

MPPC’s future plan 3 mm² active area –900 and 3600 pixels (100 & 50 µm) MPPC module –Signal readout –Temperature control –USB interface

Thank you! Feel free to ask us for more information Visit our website – – W. Vogel