History of the Ancient and Medieval World The Roman Empire: Pax Romana Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 111

I got it-homework! Let’s do our homework! “The road to hell is paved with good Intentions.” (St. Bernard of Clairvaux) There are several interpretations of this proverb. For us is sufficient: Merely intending to do good, without actually doing anything, is of no value!

Roman Dominions: From Republic to Empire

First Century BC: Rome continues to expand abroad while the republic declines at home. A Plea for Reform (133 BC) According to Tiberius Gracchus, what group is being unfairly treated? What is unfair about their treatment? Safety Under Law (c. 44 BC) Why didn’t Caesar retaliate against Cicero for his criticisms? In what way does this view of Caesar differ from other impressions one might have? Why were some members of the Roman Senate alarmed at Julius Caesar’s success? What ultimately led to his assassination? Plebeians They fight in the wars that are expanding Rome’s territory and enriching the state but they are not allowed to own land. Caesar respected Cicero’s gift for understanding and respected his political ideals and values even though Cicero was critical of Caesar’s rule. On the one hand, we see Caesar as the ambitious, ruthless general seemingly willing to set aside the Republic’s laws by becoming dictator. On the other hand, we see a man who recognizes talent. He is also a man with a plan: reforms to address Rome’s problems Calendar based on that of Egyptians- used with minor changes today. Public works to employ jobless Reorganizing govt and offering citizenship to more people They feared it would mean the end of the republic and the beginning of a dictatorship. His enemies feared that he would make himself king. 4

What Happened to the Republic? Opportunities and challenges of growing empire overwhelmed the old political system. Power, influence and wealth could be won in the empire and used in Rome with no checks of the system. (Think generals) People got used to violence. A growing class of landless, rootless people emerged with no ties to the old traditions.

Rome in the First Century A.D. (FIFC) Long-Range Assignment: Due 12/5 Follow the link to find out more about Rome in this period. Watch the short videos. This source provides valuable information for our Saturnalia activity. (You will need to have sound capability and Real Player installed on your computer. ) To situate yourself in time, follow the Timeline provided by this series. The Timeline is under Related Links (see below.) Alternative: Can’t Get Real Play? Go to this site and follow the Related Links in the right-hand frame; read the text provided.

Augustus Caesar Shrewd Politician, Brilliant Administrator Why was he careful not to declare himself dictator while acting as one? What event marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire? What political and economic reforms did he enact to create a lasting, stable government? What was the long-term effect of his reforms?

Assignment 1 due 11/18 Read pp 159-160 of text. Identify: census, Hadrian, Pax Romana Answer questions on previous slide. Study Chart, pp 159 and answer comparison question. Watch 2 videos, The Peace of Rome and Disaster Strikes following link, FIFC Wed. 11/19 Section 2 Knowledge-based Participation Grade Friday, 11/21 Extra-Credit Activity: Visuals, Visuals, Visuals (See Blackbaud)

Section 2 Graphic Summary

Assignment 2 due 11/19 Read text, pp. 161-163. Identify 3 bold blue terms Answer 1 Primary Source question, pp 162 and 2 Thinking Critically questions, pp. 163 Watch video, Urban Life and Entertainment Roman Style, following link FIFC Prepare for: Section 2 Knowledge-based Participation Grade

Assignment 3 due 11/20 Read text pp 164-165 Identify 3 bold blue terms Answer 2 Checkpoint questions Read following two slides: The Lost City of Vesuvia-Simulation

How did advances in the arts, learning and the law show the Romans’ high regard for cultural and political achievements?

The Lost City of Vesuvia Simulation Objective: You are writing a proposal for funding for a new archaeological dig. Based on your findings, draw conclusions about the culture of Vesuvians. Remember you seek to persuade a committee that there is compelling evidence to justify your work, which will add to our historical understanding of the period. Procedure: Study your artifacts and documents and using our definition of culture, (to help you, use questions on following slide) describe life in Vesuvia based on this evidence.

The Lost City of Vesuvia Field Notes As you answer the following, be sure to consider the evidence from your sources: What is this artifact? How was it used? What did people wear, eat? What was this building? What did it look like? What were the inhabitants religious beliefs? What was Vesuvia’s class structure? How did people earn a living? What were some leisure and cultural pursuits? As a team, write one proposal based on your conclusions. Be sure your names are on sheet.

Assignment 4 due 11/21 Prepare for in-class writing of proposal with partner. You may use your evidence as well as any field notes taken. Be sure to read the materials available on- line (Links on following 2 slides.)

Vesuvius Erupts! 79 A.D. Towns disappear!

(Need Real Player to access) Vesuvius Erupts! Primary Source: First Person Account of Disaster. Click on Video clip entitled: Pompeii (Need Real Player to access)

Assignment 5 due 11/25 Read text pp 166-171 Identify 11 blue terms and answer 4 Checkpoint questions. Announcement: Friday, 12/5 Test on Rome (based on PowerPoint class notes, lectures, text: Sections 1-4, pp 150-172) No Homework Over Thanksgiving Holiday (If you are current with your work!)