Music - small children’s great educator University of Plymouth Plymouth, UK 18. October, October, 2012 Margaret Hovánszki J. (PhD) College assistant professor University of Debrecen, Hungary

Zoltán Kodály’s music education concept - Since A concept comprehensive of all music areas In cooperation with music educators - his former students – he elaborated the content of music education In cooperation with music educators - his former students – he elaborated the content of music education

Research on Hungarian music education Research on Hungarian music education In Hungary Kokas, Klára Kokas, Klára Bácskai – Manchin – Sági – Vitányi Team Bácskai – Manchin – Sági – Vitányi Team Barkóczi – Pléh Barkóczi – Pléh Laczó Laczó Abroad Hans Günther Bastian Hans Günther Bastian Yehudi Menuhin Yehudi Menuhin Kokas,Klára

When to start music education 9 months before the child is born. 9 months before the child’s mother is born.

Characteristic features of the Kodály concept In early childhood: - Starting out with vocal music (singing) based on folk culture - Hands-on music activity At school: - Reading hand signs (sol-fa) Effect More differenciated Socialisation effectTransfer-effect emotional education

Methodology of early music education Katalin Forrai music educator elaborated the methodology of music education in early childhood. Singing skills Singing skills - Rhythm skills - Hearing training - Ability of listening to and understanding music

Vocal folk music Nursery rhymes folk songs activity songs for children activity songs for children

A complex genre made up of rhyming words connected to children’s lives, natural penomena; is accompanied by certain movements or gestures; has structure based on even beats and melody with rich motifs; has intonation resembling declamation or real melody. Children’s rhymes

Children’s activity songs They have limited pitch, simple melody, rhythm adjusted to the words, playful, funny content, and are performed accompanied by movements.

Folk songs

SUMMARY Early music education contributes to personality development: - - through mother tongue and musical mother tongue one can learn a nation’s culture; - - activity involving movements support brain functions; - - transfer effect of music has been proven; - - with its auditory, visual and motor stimuli it encourages motion/exercise - - it expresses emotions; - - influences socialisation; - - via national culture one can learn world culture.

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