Anatomy – Cat Dissection Dissection of the Inferior Extremity

Table of Contents Slides 3-6……….Femoral A,V,N Slide 7 ………..Sartorius Slide 8 ………..Gracilis Slide 9 ………..Saphenous A,V,N Slide 10 ………..Obturator Nerve Slide 11 ………..Tensor Fascia Lata Slides 12-16……Quadriceps Femoris Slide 17 ………..LCF A,V Slide 18 ………..Adductors Slide 19 ………..Deep Femoral A,V Slide 20 ………..Semimem. and Semitend. Slide 21 ………..Biceps Femoris Slide 22 ………..Sciatic Nerve Slide 23 ………..Popliteal A,V Slide 24 ………..Gluteus’ Slide 25 ………..Caudofemoralis Slide 26 ………..Gastrocnemius Slide 27 ………..Soleus Slide 28 ………..Tibial Nerve Slides 29-32……Peroneus’ Slide 33 ………..Peroneal Nerve Slide 34 ………..Tibialis Anterior Slide 35 ………..Extensor Digitorum Longus Slide 36 ………..Capsule Cavity Slide 37-57…….Quiz Slide 58 ………..Answer Key

Femoral Artery, Vein, and Nerve

Femoral Artery The Femoral Artery takes blood away from the heart to the medial thigh.

Femoral Vein The Femoral Vein takes blood to the heart away from the medial thigh.

Femoral Nerve The Femoral Nerve sends and receives impulses to the medial thigh.

Sartorius – Free and Transect O: Ilium I: Tibia P: Flex Leg Freed Transected

Gracilis – Free and Transect O: Pubis and Ischium I: Tibia P: Adduct the Thigh Freed Transected

Saphenous Artery, Vein, and Nerve Artery – Takes blood from heart to lower leg and foot Vein – Takes blood to heart from lower leg and foot Nerve – Sends and receives impulses to lower leg and foot * A Branch of the Femoral = Saphenous A,V,N = Sartorius

Obturator Nerve Sends and Receives Impulses to medial thigh (Gracilis) *The left leg is tilted (Picture taken from side)

Tensor Fascia Lata O: Iliac Crest I: Fascia Lata P: Flex Thigh

Quadriceps Femoris Composed of 4 muscles : Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Intermedius Vastus Medialis

Rectus Femoris – Free and Transect O: Innominate Bone I: Tibia P: Extends Leg Transected Freed

Vastus Lateralis – Expose O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side * Rectus Femoris Transected

Vastus Intermedius – Expose O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side * Rectus Femoris Transected

Vastus Medialis – Expose O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat vertical as in example ^ *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side* Rectus Femoris Transected

Lateral Circumflex Femoral A,V = Rect. Fem. = LCF A,V Artery – Takes blood from heart to quadriceps femoris muscle mass Vein – Takes blood to heart from quadriceps femoris muscle mass * A Branch of the Femoral

Adductor Longus and Femoris - Expose Longus - O: Pubis I: Femur P: Adduct the Thigh Femoris - O: Pubis and Ischium I: Linea Aspera P: Adduct the Thigh

Deep Femoral Artery and Vein Artery – Takes blood from heart to adductors Vein – Takes blood to heart from adductors * A Branch of the Femoral This blood vessel, deep to the adductors, can be found between the Adductor Longus and the Vastus Medialis.

Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus - Expose Semimem. - O: Ischium I: Medial aspect of Tibia P: Flex the Leg Semitend. - O: Ischium I: Medial aspect of Tibia P: Flex the Leg

Biceps Femoris – Free and Transect O: Ischium I: Tibia and Fibula P: Flex the Leg Freed Transected

Sciatic Nerve Sends and receives impulses to the posterior muscles of the thigh (Biceps Femoris)

Popliteal Artery and Vein Artery – Takes blood from heart to the back of the knee Vein – Takes blood to heart from back of the knee *Branches off of the Deep Femoral

Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Maximus - Expose Medius - O: Ilium I: Femur P: Abduct Thigh Maximus. - O: Sacral Vertebrae I: Femur P: Abduct Thigh Gluteus Max

Caudofemoralis O: Caudal Vertebrae I: Patella P: Abduct Thigh = Gluteus Maximus = Biceps Femoris

Gastrocnemius O: Lateral and Medial Popliteal Surface of Femur I: Calcaneous P: Extends the Foot

O: Posterior Aspect of Tibia I: Calcaneous P: Extends the Foot Soleus O: Posterior Aspect of Tibia I: Calcaneous P: Extends the Foot

Sends and receives impulses to the posterior lower leg. (Tibia) Tibial Nerve Sends and receives impulses to the posterior lower leg. (Tibia)

Peroneus Brevis, Longus, Tertius

Peroneus Brevis O: Fibula I: Metatarsals P: Extends Foot

Peroneus Tertius O: Fibula I: Phalanges P: Extends Foot

Peroneus Longus O: Fibula I: Metatarsals P: Pronates Foot

Peroneal Nerve The Peroneal Nerve sends and receives impulses to the anterior and lateral lower leg muscles (shin area). It is a branch of the Sciatic Nerve

Tibialis Anterior O: Tibia I: Phalanges P: Flex Foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus O: Femur I: Phalanges P: Extends the Toes

Capsule Cavity In the knee; houses the quadriceps tendon, synovial membrane, crossed ligaments, and semilunar cartilage.

Quiz on the Lower Leg This 20 question quiz is on the reading and dissection. Write your answers on piece of paper.

Name this muscle and give the OIP for it. Question 1 Name this muscle and give the OIP for it.

Question 2 Multiple/Multiple What muscle(s) were transected? Biceps Femoris Tensor Fascia Lata Rectus Femoris All of the Above None of the Above

Which blood vessel carries blood to and from the back of the knee? Question 3 Which blood vessel carries blood to and from the back of the knee? Saphenous Artery and Vein Backknee Artery and Vein Popliteal Artery and Vein Femoral Artery and Vein

Question 4 This is composed of four (4) muscles. What is this called and name the four (4) muscles it’s made up of.

Question 5 What ligament is located between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine?

What holds the Tensor Fascia Lata to its insertion? Question 6 What holds the Tensor Fascia Lata to its insertion?

What muscle is this? Give the OIP Question 7 What muscle is this? Give the OIP

Question 8 True and False Is this statement true or false? If false, fix it. The Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery and Vein is located in the Biceps Femoris.

Question 9 How many hamstring muscles are there? What are the names?

Question 10 Are the tendons of the Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus more rounded or aponeurotic in cat?

Question 11 The insertion of the Caudofemoralis is located between what two things?

Where is the Sciatic Nerve located? Question 12 Where is the Sciatic Nerve located?

What muscle in the lower leg (shin area) has two heads of origin? Question 13 What muscle in the lower leg (shin area) has two heads of origin?

Question 14 What tendon connects the Gastrocnemius and Soleus to the calcaneous bone?

Question 15 The Peroneal Nerve carries impulses to and from what areas of the lower leg (shin area)?

What two peroneus’ insert at the metatarsals? Question 16 What two peroneus’ insert at the metatarsals?

How many muscles are there in the lower leg (shin area)? Question 17 How many muscles are there in the lower leg (shin area)?

What does the Deep Femoral Artery and Vein branch off into? Question 18 What does the Deep Femoral Artery and Vein branch off into?

Where are the Gluteus Maximus and Gluteus Medius located? Question 19 Where are the Gluteus Maximus and Gluteus Medius located?

Who is the best Anatomy teacher EVER!!?!?! Question 20 Who is the best Anatomy teacher EVER!!?!?!

Answers!! Sartorius – o. ilium i. tibia p. flex leg A and C C Quadriceps Femoris or Quadricep Muscle Mass – Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Intermedius, and Vastus Medialis Inguinal ligament Fascia Lata Vastus Intermedius – o. femur i. tibia p. extend the leg False; the LCFA/V is located in the Quadriceps Femoris A. Three (3) B. Biceps Femoris, Semimem. and Semitend. Aponeurotic Biceps Femoris and Fascia Lata Under the Biceps Femoris Gastrocnemius Achilles Tendon Anterior and Lateral Peroneus Brevis and Longus Seven (7) Popliteal Artery and Vein The Hip Mr. Wencley!!

Good Luck on your major lab practical!! Made by: Megan Brannon ’07-’08