Solutions & Solubility. Solution Humour :)

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Presentation transcript:

Solutions & Solubility

Solution Humour :)

Terms to Know Solution Homogeneous mixture Solvent Solute Variable composition Aqueous solution Miscible Immiscible Alloys Amalgam Solubility Saturated solution Unsaturated solution

Do you still remember how to classify matter?

Think-Pair-Share List examples of: soluble substances insoluble substances solutions Share your list with your partner

Where does it belong? Put each mixture in column A or B. Justify your choice! sand in water, pop, vinegar in oil, gasoline, clear apple juice, brass, soil, silver-coloured dental fillings, smoke, chlorinated pool water, a jar of jelly beans, latex paint, compressed air in a scuba tank, chlorine bleach, pure liquid honey, chicken soup, humidity A B blood24 karat gold concreteair freshener

What is a Solution? A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. Homogeneous – has only one phase – either solid, liquid or gas The solvent does the dissolving and is usually present in the largest amount. an aqueous solution has water as solvent The solute is the substance dissolved in the solution. Pure substances have fixed composition (H 2 O, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen), solutions are variable depending on the ratio of solvent to solute.

Definitions Solution Solution - - homogeneous mixture Solvent Solvent - present in greater amount Solute Solute - substance being dissolved

Types of Solutions We all know a transparent, coloured liquid in a test tube is a solution but… Can a solid or gas be a solution? YES! It can. Eg. Air – 78% N 2, 21% O 2, 0.9% Ar, 0.03% CO 2 There are many different types of solutions. Can you think of some?

Types of Solutions

Teacher Demonstration How can you determine whether two liquids dissolve in each other? Did the liquids in the first step dissolve in each other? Which liquid did the food colouring dissolve in? Did Lugol’s solution colour the oil, the water or both?

Teacher Demonstration Lava Lamp in a Bottle How does this work? Think about it……..

Solubility The maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific T (temperature) Solubility is dependent on many factors but temperature and volume of solvent are the most important. A saturated solution is formed when no more solute is able to dissolve and there is excess solute present. –A saturated solution represents an equilibrium: the rate of dissolving is equal to the rate of crystallization. The salt continues to dissolve, but crystallizes at the same rate so that there “appears” to be nothing happening.

Solubility SATURATED SOLUTION no more solute dissolves UNSATURATED SOLUTION more solute dissolves SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION becomes unstable, crystals form concentration

Mind Maps In partners, create ONE mind map using the following terms: solubility solute saturated solution unsaturated supersaturated heterogeneous solvent aqueous solution homogeneous precipitate temperature

Homework Based on what you observed and discussed today, explain how the lava lamp demo worked. Learning Check Q’s p357 #1, 5, 6