Presentation of practical lessons on environmental sanitation for 4th year 7 - semester

6- Т HEME : Coagulation water. Method for determining the alkalinity of water hardness. Compilation of health in prison. Method of determining the optimal dose of coagulant. Drawing up conclusions about the effectiveness of sanitary coagulation. Meth-ka determine the percentage of active Cl. Compiled by e-san. conclusion. Method for determining the optimum dose and the residual amount of chlorine. Compilation of health in prison.

1 coagulation value in the preparation of drinking water; 2 The essence of the coagulation 3 Coagulants used in the coagulation water and hygiene requirements apply to them 4 Such that the optimal dose and theoretical 5 disinfection of water 6 Reagent water disinfection 7 Nonchemical methods of water disinfection

P URPOSE OF LESSON : - Learn the methods for determining the optimal dose of coagulant. - To teach students the method of evaluating the effectiveness of the coagulation process Master the techniques of water chlorination. - Learn how to assess the efficiency of water chlorination.

S TUDENT MUST KNOW : Meaning of coagulation in the preparation of drinking water; Methodology to assess the effectiveness of coagulation. Methods of water disinfection Definitions chlorium gelatium water Types of chlorine and chlorine compounds used in the disinfection of water

T HE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO : Methods of determining the optimal dose of coagulant To determine test dose of coagulant Evaluate the effectiveness of coagulation Indicators to assess the compliance of hygienic requirements of GOST

C ONTINUED Method for determining the optimal dose of chlorine Independently determine the test dose of chlorine Evaluate the effectiveness of water disinfection Rate epidemiological indicators of water and compared the findings with GOST

S EVERE QUESTIONS Call coagulants for use of the coagulation process. Hygienic requirements for coagulants Coagulation test method? Conditions for effective coagulation What is the essence of the coagulation process water? What factors influence the coagulation process water? What used coagulants? What is flocculants? The alkalinity of the water and its role in the coagulation process. How is the coagulant dose? How is the effectiveness of coagulation in the waterworks?

CONTINUED How is the selection of doses of chlorine for water chlorination normal doses. How is the working dose for chlorination of water at the waterworks. What determines the effectiveness of chlorination. What is hlorpotrebnost water. As determined by the percentage of active chlorine. Where contact with chlorine water. That such hlorpoglaschaemost water? What substances applied for the chlorination of drinking water.

Coagulation is the process of integration of water and colloidal dispersed particles occurring due to their adhesion by the forces of molecular attraction Coagulation occurs involving chemical coagulants reagentov-: Sulfata- aluminum Al 2 (SO 4) 3 ∙ 18 H2O Oksichlorida- alumina [Al2 (OH) 5] Cl 6 H-2O Sodium alyuminata- Na Al 102 Iron sulfata- Fe So4 ∙ 7 H2O Flokulyant - high molecular weight synthetic compounds Distinguish anionic flocculants (poliacrylamide, K-4, K-6, activated silicic acid) and a cationic IA-2) type.

Hygienic Requirements to coagulants and flocculants: myelotoxicity - High solubility Have a bactericidal effect Should not affect the organoleptic properties of water The coagulation process is as follows: Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Ca (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Ca SO4 + 6Co2 Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Mg (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Mg SO4 + 6Co2 Al2 (SO 4)3 +6 H2O →←2Al (OH)3+ 3 SO-4 + 6H + Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Ca (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Ca SO4 + 6Co2 Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Mg (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Mg SO4 + 6Co2 Al2 (SO 4)3 +6 H2O →←2Al (OH)3+ 3 SO-4 + 6H +

There are two types of coagulation coagulation in the free volume (flocculation occurs in the cells) and contact coagulation (in the thickness of the granular or bulk load of suspended sediment). There are two types of coagulation coagulation in the free volume (flocculation occurs in the cells) and contact coagulation (in the thickness of the granular or bulk load of suspended sediment). - Factors affecting the coagulation process water Tempera ture Dose and type of coagulant The use of flocculants and their views Alkaline Water The amount of suspended solids

Currently, the practice of water chlorination is carried out with gaseous chlorine, hypochlorite bleach or bleach used in the form of finished products, as well as in water is obtained directly upon introduction of ammonia and chlorine The disinfecting effect of chlorine can be imagined as a complex process in which the bacterial action has as chlorine itself and its hydrolysis products. The disinfecting effect of chlorine can be imagined as a complex process in which the bacterial action has as chlorine itself and its hydrolysis products. - Reagent water disinfection simple chlorinat ion hyperxlotiu m chloraminazit ion О[ygeniu m Oligodyn amic effect of silver double chlorinati on

The problem of water disinfection often solved by using different disinfectants, which are the most widely used chlorine and its compounds. For disinfection of drinking water is used in two ways: Water disinfection reagent (chemical) methods Disinfection of water non-reagent (physical) methods Nonchemical methods of water disinfection Gamma irradiat ion Boiling ultrasound ultrafiolat ion Processing by current of ultrahigh frequency

Danger factors Quantity and quality of raw water Its methods of pre-treatment Reliability requirements decontamination Taking into account technical and economic indicators Terms of delivery reagents availability of transport Automation process  Liquid chlorine bleach calcium hydrochloride Sodium hydrochloride chlorine dioxide Chloramine

 What is the essence of the coagulation process water? What factors influence the coagulation process water? What used coagulants? What is flocculants? The alkalinity of the water and its role in the coagulation process. How is the coagulant dose? How is the effectiveness of coagulation in the waterworks? C ONTROL QUESTIONS

 How is the selection of doses of chlorine for water chlorination normal doses. How is the working dose for chlorination of water at the waterworks. What determines the effectiveness of chlorination. What is hlorpotrebnost water. Where contact with chlorine water. C ONTINUED

 Summary: 1. "Health" under the guidance of prof. Demidenko NM T Guide to laboratory work on communal hygiene Goncharuk EI Moscow Sh.T.Otaboev, T.I.Iskandarov, G.T.Iskandarova "Kommunal hygiene" Tashkent 2010 th. 4 "Kommunal gigienadan Amal mashgulotlar Uchun ukuv kullanma. "Edited by Academician Iskandarova TI T. 2006y 5. "Communal Hygiene" E.I.Goncharuk Kiev in 2007 I, II part U SE LITERATURE :

GT Iskandarova "Regional san. gig. problems of protection of water sources "water inpatient population of Uzbekistan. T Health rules and regulations of planning and building of settlements of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sanitary norms of admissible levels of electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies Sanitary rules of design and maintenance of cemeteries Health rules and regulations and the optimum allowable building density residential areas of cities of Uzbekistan Д ОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА

ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ -Sanitary rules and standards for design of residential buildings in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan Health rules and regulations setting up and maintaining public toilets Hygiene requirements for institutions, organizations, companies and individuals involved in the disinfection activities Health rules and regulations for the use of mobile phones Lecture materials

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