 Share a past experiences of when you were ill. How did you became ill, how did you try to prevent spreading the illness to others, and how do you now try to prevent illness.

 1. Understand how vaccines are used in disease control.  2. Understand the use of quarantine in disease control.  3. Understand the importance of cleanliness in disease control.  4. Understand the importance of controlling parasites in disease management.

 Biological products, such as vaccines, enhance immunity and are used primarily to prevent disease.  Vaccines develop immunity against specific diseases in animals.  A vaccination, or immunization, is the administration of a vaccine to develop immunity.  Animals establish immunity to a specific disease through exposure and then by developing their own antibodies to fight off the disease.

 An antibody is a protein molecule that circulates in the bloodstream and neutralizes disease causing organisms.  Vaccines are classified as either modified live vaccines or killed vaccine.

 Modified live vaccines, or attenuated vaccines, will stimulate antibody formation in the vaccinated animal without producing disease symptoms.  A modified-live vaccine is a sclose to natural infection as possible without causing the disease.  A modified-live vaccine provides long term protection.

 Killed vaccines are not pathogenic and are unable to infect and replicate.  Typically killed vaccines are safer than modified live vaccines but to be effective they require a second dose in 3–4 weeks and a second vaccination, or a booster dose, within four months.  Killed vaccines provide short term protection.

 Quarantine is the isolation of an animal infected with or exposed to a contagious disease.  The function of quarantine is to avoid the spread of disease to susceptible animals.  Quarantine may be enforced against one animal, or all animals in a township, county, state, or country.

 The sheriff may enforce a local quarantine, a state veterinarian would implement a state quarantine, and the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture would impose interstate and foreign quarantines.  Livestock producers may quarantine new animals for three to four weeks or as long as 90 days before adding them to a disease free herd to prevent the contamination of the herd with a contagious disease.

 The factors needed for the onset of disease include a susceptible host, pathogenic agent, and favorable environmental conditions.  Favorable environmental conditions will facilitate the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms.  Antiseptics and disinfectants are typically used to maintain proper sanitation.

 Manure provides for an ideal environment for the increase of microbes.  Thus, sanitary conditions will help to decrease the likelihood of disease and parasite problems.

 An antiseptic is applied to animal tissues to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms.  A disinfectant is a product that destroys the causes of disease, the pathogenic microorganisms.  Cleaning livestock facilities with disinfectants such as alcohol, iodine, chlorine bleach, or soap will lessen the vulnerability to disease.