STARTER 1. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular organism? a)Human b)Pine Tree c)Ant d)E. coli bacteria 2. Asexual reproduction can also be referred to as: a)Multicellular b)Photosynthesis c)Mitosis d)Respiration

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Biology

WHAT ARE THEY? Contain Carbon  Carbon is a naturally occurring element that is found in ALL Living Organisms There are 4 classes of Organic Compounds  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Nucleic Acids  Proteins

CARBOHYDRATES Purpose:  “quick energy”  structural support

CARBOHYDRATES Examples include:  Sugars (all end in “ose”)  Glucose = a type of monosaccharide  Fructose = a type of disaccharide  Cellulose(found in a plant’s cell wall) = a polysaccharide  Starches  Bread, Pasta = types of polysaccharides  Glycogen is a starch  breaks down to form glucose

CARBOHYDRATES Subunit:  Monosaccharides (1 sugar)  Disaccharides (2 sugars)  Polysaccharides (3 or more sugars)

LIPIDS Purpose:  “long term” energy storage  insulation  cell membrane

LIPIDS Examples:  Fats, waxes, oils, butter The structure of a lipid forms an E shape  3 fatty acids & 1 glycerol Fatty Acid GLYCEROLGLYCEROL

NUCLEIC ACIDS Function: Genetic Material  Stores information  Genes  Blueprints for building proteins  DNA  RNA  Proteins  Transfers information  To new cells

NUCLEIC ACIDS Subunits: Nucleotides One nucleotide contains  Phosphate, Sugar and Base One nucleotide is a monomer Nucleotide chained together makes a polymer (like DNA and RNA) Examples:  DNA & RNA

PROTEINS Multipurpose molecules!  Growth and repair  Provide structural support  Hormones  Immune System  Enzymes Proteins come in all different shapes!

PROTEINS Subunit:  Amino Acids  20 different amino acids (each one is different) Chain of amino acids creates = protein

PROTEINS Examples:  Muscle  Skin, hair, fingernails  Collagen and Keratin  Insulin  Hormone controls blood sugar  Enzymes  Help chemical reactions  Hemoglobin  found in red blood cells (it transports oxygen)