Your Body’s Need for Food Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids

What are organic compounds?  most matter in your body is made of organic compounds  organic compounds contain carbon  carbon atoms covalently bond to other elements like hydrogen and oxygen

What are the four organic compounds found in the human body? 1.Carbohydrates 2.Lipids 3.Proteins 4.Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates (sugars or starches)  What are carbohydrates made of? 1.) carbon 2.) hydrogen 3.) oxygen  carbohydrates (carbs) are a key source of energy  carbs are found in fruits, vegetables and grains

Carbohydrate Structure mmonosaccharide's – contain 1 sugar molecule and cannot be broken down ddisaccharides – sugar made up of two monosaccharide's ppolysaccharides – made up of many monosaccharide's linked together by glycosidic linkages

Examples of Carbohydrates FFruits, vegetables and grains

Lipids (fats)  What are lipids made of? 1.) carbon 2.) hydrogen 3.) oxygen  lipids are fats that store energy in cells, fats are found around tissues as padding and insulation

Lipids (Fats) Continued  lipids are found in fats, steroids and waxes  2 types of lipids 1.) saturated fat: solid at room temperature 2.) unsaturated fat: liquid at room temperature

Lipid Structure  saturated fats – solid at room temperature, contains only single bonds

Lipid Structure Continued uunsaturated fats – liquid at room temperature contains double bonds

Examples of saturated and unsaturated fats  saturated fats  unsaturated fats

Examples of Lipids  Fats, steroids and waxes

Proteins WWhat are proteins made of? 1.) amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds form proteins pproteins do most work in cells and are required for the structure and function of the body's tissue and organs

Protein Structure

Proteins Continued hhumans can only make 10 of the 20 amino acids tthe other 10 amino acids (essential amino acids) must come from what we eat on a daily basis uunlike fat and sugars we can not store amino acids

Where can we find proteins?  We can find proteins in: 1.) hair 2.) finger nails 3.) horns 4.) hoofs

Examples of Proteins  What foods are rich in protein?

Nucleic Acids  found in all of your cells  nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides  carry genetic information in cells  2 types of nucleic acids 1.) DNA 2.) RNA  we will discuss nucleic acids later

Nucleic Acid Structure  DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – carries genetic information  RNA (ribonucleic acid) – makes proteins

What did you learn?  What are the 4 types of organic compounds? 1.) carbohydrates (sugars) 2.) lipids (fats) 3.) proteins 4.) nucleic acids

What are carbohydrates? mmain source of energy in body ffound in fruits, vegetables and grains aapples, corn, soda pop, potatoes, bread and broccoli

What are lipids (fats)?  store energy in the body  used as insulation around organs and tissues  2 types saturated and unsaturated  found in fats, steroids and waxes  examples, cooking oil, butter, ice cream and chips

What are proteins?  are made from peptide bonds formed from amino acids  there are 20 amino acids  we make 10 naturally  must consume the other 10 by eating poultry, fish, milk beef and nuts

Nucleic Acids  All cells have nucleic acids  2 types are DNA and RNA

The End You Are What You Eat