Chapter 1 Pretest

1. THE STANDARD UNIT OF MASS IS THE: A) GRAM, B) KILOGRAM, C) POUND.

2. ABSOLUTE ERROR IS AN EXPRESSION OF THE: A) ACCURACY OF A MEASUREMENT, B) PRECISION OF A MEASUREMENT.

3. WHICH OF THESE MEASUREMENTS DOES NOT HAVE THREE SIGNIFICANT FIGURES: A) m, B) g, C) 320 mL, D) 4.2 X 10 7 L.

4. MASS IS A MEASURE OF: A) AMOUNT OF SPACE TAKEN UP BY AN OBJECT, B) AMOUNT OF MATTER IN AN OBJECT, C) DENSITY.

5. IN PHYSICS, A SCIENTIFIC LAW IS USUALLY EXPRESSED: A) AS A THEORY, B) BY A MATHEMATICAL EQUATION, C) AS AN OBSERVATION, D) IN WORDS.

6. THE SUM OF cm, cm, and 7.9 cm is: A) 59 cm, B) 59.2 cm, C) cm, D) cm.

7. AN EQUIVALENT OF 3.40 m is: A) 340 cm, B) 3.40 X 10 4 mm, C) 3.40 X 10 9 micrometers, D) km.

8. THE FORCE NEEDED TO SUPPORT 500 g AT SEA LEVEL IS: A) LESS THAN 1.00 NEWTON, B) BETWEEN 1.00 N AND 5.00 N, C) BETWEEN 5.00 N AND N, D) MORE THAN N.

9. THE STANDARD SECOND IS DEFINED BY USING: A) KRYPTON RED-ORANGE LIGHT, B) A METAL BAR, C) CESIUM ATOMS, D) LIGHT WAVES.

10. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING EXPRESSIONS HAS DIFFERENT ORDER OF MAGNITUDE FROM THE OTHERS? A) , B) 5.76 X 10 4, C) 500 X 100, D) / 5.

11. 1 dm 3 IS NOT EQUAL TO: A) 0.01 kL, B) 1000 mL, C) 1000 cm 3.

12. Which of the following is an area of physics that studies motion and its causes? a. thermodynamics b. mechanics c. quantum mechanics d. optics

13. The symbols for units of length in order from smallest to largest are: a. m, cm, mm, and km. b. mm, m, cm, and km. c. km, mm, cm, and m. d. mm, cm, m, and km.

14. The SI base unit used to measure mass is the: a. meter b. second c. kilogram d. liter

15. If some measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are: a. neither precise nor accurate b. accurate but not precise c. acceptable as a new standard of accuracy d. precise but not accurate

16. What are the basic SI units? a. meters, kilograms, hours b. feet, pounds, seconds c. meters, kilograms, seconds d. feet, kilograms, seconds

1. LIST AND DESCRIBE THE STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

Problem – what is it you want to find Research – what is already known Hypothesis – your guess at the correct answer Experiment – test your hypothesis Conclusions – was your hypothesis correct or incorrect

3. NAME THE FUNDAMENTAL UNITS USED IN MECHANICS AND TELL, IN GENERAL, HOW EACH IS DEFINED.

meter – the distance light travels in a tiny fraction of a second. kilogram – the mass of the standard kilogram (the only measure that is still a natural object) second – a certain number of vibrations of a cesium-133 atom

4. A RECTANGULAR BLOCK IS 0.35 m long, 0.20 m wide, and m THICK. WHAT IS ITS VOLUME?

35 cm x 20 cm x 4 cm = 2800 cm 3

5. Distinguish between precision and accuracy.

Accuracy is how close a measurement is to the “right “ answer. Precision is how repeatable the measurement is.

6. What is the meaning of these symbols in equations:   ?

 means “change”  means “summation” (add them up)

7. What are the seven fundamental units?

meter for distance kilogram for mass second for time ampere for current kelvin for temperature mole for amount of substance candela for luminous intensity